Day 27 Reconstruction Homework: 184-189

Johnny Comes Marching Home- Louis Lambert When Johnny comes marching home again, Hurrah! Hurrah! We'll give him a hearty welcome then Hurrah! Hurrah! The men will cheer and the boys will shout The ladies they will all turn out And we'll all feel gay when Johnny comes marching home. The old church bell will peal with joy Hurrah! Hurrah! To welcome home our darling boy, Hurrah! Hurrah! The village lads and lassies say With roses they will strew the way, And we'll all feel gay when Johnny comes marching home. Get ready for the Jubilee, Hurrah! Hurrah! We'll give the hero three times three, Hurrah! Hurrah! The laurel wreath is ready now To place upon his loyal brow And we'll all feel gay when Johnny comes marching home. Let love and friendship on that day, Hurrah, hurrah! Their choicest pleasures then display, Hurrah, hurrah! And let each one perform some part, To fill with joy the warrior's heart, And we'll all feel gay when Johnny comes marching home

Forever Free Edmonia Lewis (1867) Edmonia Lewis was rare artist in that she was both black and a woman

Reconstruction 1865-1877 Lincoln’s plan (ten % plan) lenient on confederacy Radical Republicans- call for dismantling of south and allowing black vote Andrew Johnson (Pres. #17) like Lincoln believed in lenience minus landholders Ex-Confederates agree Congress Refuses them and write passes law to expand Freedman’s Bureau and Civil Rights act of 1866

Freedman Bureau 1865- Congress extends program to help ex-slaves adjust by providing food and clothing 1866- Civil Rights Act made it illegal to pass “black codes”

Rejoining the Union- Reconstruction Act 1867 The 10 Confederate States were under military rule until a new state government was established Former leaders could not hold office Former leaders could not vote New State Constitutions had to allow all freed slaves to vote State legislators had to pass the 14th Amendment

14-15th Amendment Johnson vetoes Bill Freedman Bill and Civil Rights, but they over overridden by Congress- unifies moderate and radical Republicans 14th Amendment denying rights to vote for citizens Passed Johnson Impeached for firing cabinet members (real reason was not following reconstruction plan) but no conviction by one vote Ulysses S Grant elected 15th Amendment Passed- voting and race Constitutional Law

Reconstruction Society Public works in south Scalawags-Southerners joining the Republican Party Carpetbaggers- moved from north to south Black Vote- illiteracy and eagerness Disunified Republicans in the South Ulysses S. Grant is seen as honest, but many corrupt officials appointed

African American reconstruction Growth of Black Church Black Schools built Migration to North and West. Still found discrimination. Voted and held office Hiram Revels first African American Senator

Life improves during reconstruction Many start new business (Madame CJ Walker first woman to earn a million dollars) Founding of Black Newspapers

Sharecropping in South Sherman’s promise of 40 acres and a mule unfulfilled Most African American’s in South became sharecroppers- farm someone else's land for a percentage of crop Often could not leave land until debts were paid

Reconstruction falters Amnesty Act 1872 – restrictions removed for most confederates Panic of 1873 Economy falters many in north question money spent in South. Samuel Tilden and Rutherford B Hayes run for President Tilden won popular vote, Electoral vote in dispute. Each candidate claiming victory in 3 key states Compromise 1877 Hayes given presidency if he would promise to pull troops in south.

Collapse of Reconstruction Southern Vigilante groups formed Ku Klux Klan (KKK) Goal: stop African American rights Freedman’s Bureau Expires in Congress Supreme Court Shift South declares Home rule after election of 1876 Democrats “Redeem the south”

Summary Questions Who became the president after Lincoln? What was the Reconstruction? Group that help to adjust former slaves to their freedom? What was the purpose of the 15th Amendment? What civil war hero became President after Johnson? Who controlled Congress during reconstruction? What is a scalawag? Who were carpetbaggers? What is the difference between tenant farmers and sharecroppers? White Supremacist Group that developed during Reconstruction?