FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTERS http://indiannova.in

CONTENTS Five Component Model of a Computer Input And Output Devices Primary And Secondary Memory Software And Hardware Generations Of Computers http://indiannova.in

Five Component Model of a Computer Processor CPU and ALU Main Memory Input Devices Output Devices Secondary Memory http://indiannova.in

Input And Output Devices INPUT DEVICES Input devices are used to feed input to the computer in various forms. Some main input devices are:- 1.Keyboard 2.Mouse 3.Microphone http://indiannova.in

OUTPUT DEVICES Output devices produced output of the machine in human readable form. Some most common output devices are:- Monitors Printers Speakers http://indiannova.in

THE MEMORY DEVICES 1.PRIMARY MEMORY 2.SECONDRY MEMORY THE MEMORY DIVIDED IN TWO PARTS 1.PRIMARY MEMORY 2.SECONDRY MEMORY http://indiannova.in

(Random access memory) PRIMARY MEMORY The memory inside the CPU is primary memory. It is divided in two parts:- RAM (Random access memory) ROM (Read-only-memory) http://indiannova.in

RAM It has two types:- 1. Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and 2. Static RAM (SRAM) It is called random access memory. In RAM, any cell can be accessed from any desired random location. Information can be read from and written into in RAM. It has two types:- 1. Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and 2. Static RAM (SRAM) http://indiannova.in

ROM Programmable Read Only Memory(PROM) It is called read-only-memory. It is a memory unit that performs the read operation only; it does not have a write capability .It is a non-volatile memory. There are various types of ROM . Programmable Read Only Memory(PROM) Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory(EPROM) Electrically Erasable PROM(EEPROM) http://indiannova.in

SECONDARY MEMORY Hard disks Floppy disks CD ROMs DVDs The memory outside the CPU is called secondary memory. The most common secondary storage devices are:- Hard disks Floppy disks CD ROMs DVDs http://indiannova.in