INTERNET MEASUREMENT INTERNET MAPPING OVERHEAD MINIMIZATION  Intra- and inter-monitor redundancy reduction IBRAHIM ETHEM COSKUN University of Nevada, Reno M.Sc.

 Intra –monitor redundancy  Occurs when all traceroutes start from a single point  Inter –monitor redundancy  Occurs when multiple monitors visit the same point INTRA AND INTER –MONITOR REDUNDANCY

INTRA –MONITOR REDUNDANCY Monitor 1 Destination 1 Destination 2 Destination 3

INTER –MONITOR REDUNDANCY Monitor 1 Monitor 2 Monitor 3 Destination 1

 PlanetLab currently consists of 1187 nodes at 582 sites  AS numbers of 1047 nodes collected  111 nodes not responded Planetlab VPs

 Archipelago (Ark for short) is CAIDA's next- generation active measurement infrastructure  AS numbers of 91 nodes collected Ark VPs

 RIPE NCC is building the largest Internet measurement network ever made  AS numbers of 5373 Nodes collected  2025 different ASes RIPE NCC VPs

TOTAL (collected) ASN Information

 Data downloaded from CAIDA  AS relation  Compared with collected ASes which includes VPs (Ark, Planetlab, RIPE NCC) ASN Neighboring Relations

 ~500 available nodes, ~350 usable  Probed 3 hops of each VP  ASes in average  Selected 1 IP per AS  ingress points identified  Gathered peering relations  identified (One AS to another) Planetlab Vantage Points

 traceroute to ( ), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets [AS3851/AS22911] ms ms ms [AS65534] ms ms [AS65534] ms [AS65534] ms ms [AS65534] ms [AS3851/AS22911] ms ms ms [AS3851] ms ms ms [AS2152] ms ms ms [AS2152] ms ms ms [AS2152] ms ms ms [AS2152] ms ms ms [AS4637] ms ms ms [AS55831] ms [AS3786] ms [AS3786] ms [AS3786] ms [AS3786] ms [AS55831] ms [AS3786] ms ms [AS55831] ms [AS3786] ms ms ms [AS9842] ms ms ms [AS9842] ms ms ms [AS9842] ms ms ms [AS9842] ms ms ms IGRESS POINT IDENTIFICATION

#Ingresses - #ASes

 Pick 12 ASes  Based on:  Sizes (#IPs), #Observed IPs, #Peers, Ranks  1 small, 1 medium, 1 large  Probe these ASes from each VP AS ingress analysis

#CONNECTIONS#PEERS #Peers - #Connections ASN1ASN2#CONNECTIONS

#Peers - #Connections

 /20 AS45609 BHARTI-MOBILITY-AS-AP Bharti Airtel Ltd. AS for GPRS Service,IN  /20 AS45609 BHARTI-MOBILITY-AS-AP Bharti Airtel Ltd. AS for GPRS Service,IN  /16 AS9812 CNNIC-CN-COLNET Oriental Cable Network Co., Ltd.,CN  /16 AS9812 CNNIC-CN-COLNET Oriental Cable Network Co., Ltd.,CN  /16 AS9812 CNNIC-CN-COLNET Oriental Cable Network Co., Ltd.,CN  /16 AS9812 CNNIC-CN-COLNET Oriental Cable Network Co., Ltd.,CN  /24 AS58779 I4HKLIMITED-AS i4HK Limited,HK  /24 AS58779 I4HKLIMITED-AS i4HK Limited,HK AS Sizes Data:

 #/32: 1 IP address within the subnet #/31: 2 IP addresses within the subnet #/30: 4 IP addresses within the subnet #/29: 8 IP addresses within the subnet #/28: 16 IP addresses within the subnet #/27: 32 IP addresses within the subnet #/26: 64 IP addresses within the subnet #/25: 128 IP addresses within the subnet #/24: 256 IP addresses within the subnet #/23: 512 IP address within the subnet #/22: 1024 IP addresses within the subnet #/21: 2048 IP addresses within the subnet #/20: 4096 IP addresses within the subnet #/19: 8192 IP addresses within the subnet #/18: IP addresses within the subnet #/17: IP addresses within the subnet #/16: IP addresses within the subnet #/15: IP addresses within the subnet #/14: IP address within the subnet #/13: IP addresses within the subnet #/12: IP addresses within the subnet #/11: IP addresses within the subnet #/10: IP addresses within the subnet #/9: IP addresses within the subnet #/8: IP addresses within the subnet AS Sizes IP prefixes, #IPs

 Announced Prefixes:  …../24  …../16  …../8 /24 /24 /16 /8 /8 How to calculate AS size = SIZE

AS Rank Data:

 Ingress point analysis  VP analysis How to reduce redundant probing?

 Pick 2 IPs from each prefix  First IP, Last IP  /24 Ingress Analysis - Probing Mechanism Probe these IPs If they enter the AS from the same ingress, then that means all IPs in this /24 subnet belongs to the same ingress. If they reveal different ingress points, then divide the prefix by 2 and continue probing each subnet.

Ingress Analysis - Probing Mechanism First IP: Last IP: First IP: Last IP: First IP: Last IP: /24 Divide: /25 || /25 Ingress A Done! Ingress A Ingress B Continue Done! Ingress A Done! Ingress B /25 Ingress B /25 Ingress A

 Which subnets reached by which ingresses  Which VPs enter the target AS through which ingresses  How much data we lose from recalling a VP or multiple VPs  How many hops VPs traverse to trace these ASes  Which VPs would be enough to trace an AS and not to cause redundant probing. Analysis

VP analysis Target AS Ingress router VP Target AS Other ASes

? QUESTIONS?