INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL

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Presentation transcript:

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL INTRODUCTION Product specifications Process stability. Environmental regulations Safety Economics (Stephanopoulos, 1984)

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL INTRODUCTION (cont.) “Chemical processes usually have two or more controlled output, requiring two or more manipulated variables” (Stephanopoulos, 1984)

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL INTRODUCTION (cont.) Did not consider overall plant performance. Did not consider process interactions. Single Input – Single Output System Designing a control system (of complete chemical plant) is not simple but requires experience and good chemical engineering background (Stephanopoulos, 1984)

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL Available Control Configurations: 5. Adaptive and Inferential Control 4. Multivariable Control 3. Multiple Loop Control (Cascade) 2. Feed Forward (Ratio Control) 1. Feedback Control (Stephanopoulos, 1984)

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL PRIMARY REFORMER, R-101. Highly endothermic reaction. Temperature, 770˚C . Pressure, 3770 kPa. Ratio of methane to steam, 3:1. Control Objective To control the ratio of the two inlet stream, temperature and pressure by manipulating the steam flow rate and feed inlet flow rate.

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL PRIMARY REFORMER, R-101 (cont.)

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL FLASH DRUM, S-103. Separation between phases Gas and liquid Level of the liquid Control Objective To control the level of the liquid in the flash drum by manipulating the outlet flow rate.

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL FLASH DRUM, S-103 (cont.)

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL PRILLING TOWER, V-201. Product specification Temperature Control Objective To control the composition (purity) of the product manipulating the steam flow rate.

INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL PRILLING TOWER, V-201 (cont.)