What are enzymes??  Enzymes are proteins.  Enzymes speed up chemical reactions.  Biological Catalyst  pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.

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Presentation transcript:

What are enzymes??  Enzymes are proteins.  Enzymes speed up chemical reactions.  Biological Catalyst  pH, temperature, and substrate concentration affect enzyme activity.

Enzymes are Catalysts  Reduce the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction.

Activation energy  The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.

Amylase  Explain what is happening to the cracker as it sits on your tongue.  How does this help your digestion?

Enzyme vs. Substrate  Substrate is the substance the enzyme acts on during a chemical reaction.

Enzymes can be reused ! They are not changed during a reaction.

Lock and Key Enzymes are specific to the substrate. The shape of the enzyme determines the function of the enzyme.

How it works

Active Site  The part of the enzyme that binds to the substrate.

STOP AND THINK  What part of the key is the active site?

 Temperature  pH  Concentration Three Factors that Affect Enzyme Activity

If too hot, enzymes will be denatured lose its shape and the active site will be destroyed It will not be able to bind with its substrate Too low (cold), enzymes will slow down Temperature

pH  Enzymes work best within a certain range of pH values ( Optimal ) or they will be denatured

Concentration If you have 5 lanes ( enzymes ) and 100 customers ( substrates ) adding more customers won’t make it go faster If you have 100 lanes ( Enzymes ) and 5 customers ( substrates ) adding more lanes won’t make it go faster.