Unit 1.2. Opportunities and Pathways RATIONALISATION OF SPORT

LEARNING OBJECTIVES KNOW THE MEANING OF THE TERM “CODIFICATION” UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ON SPORT BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN HOW SPORT DEVELOPED AFTER THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

TASK 1 1.HOW DID THE CHURCH INFLUENCE PRE- INDUSTRIAL SPORT? 2.WHAT WAS THE MAIN FOCUS OF EARLY UK SPORTS? 3.NAME AN EXAMPLE OF A POPULAR RECREATION 4.WHAT IS A “MOB” GAME? 5.NAME 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF POPULAR RECREATIONS

ANSWERS 1.SPORT WAS OCCASIONAL – HOLY DAYS 2.PREPARATION FOR WAR 3.HAXEY HOOD, SHROVETIDE FOOTBALL, BEAR BAITING, COCK FIGHTING 4.A VIOLENT GAME INVOLVING LARGE NUMBERS OF PEOPLE, FEW RULES AND NO BOUNDARIES 5.SCOWL CORN: NATURAL, SIMPLE, LOCAL, CRUEL, OCCASIONAL, COURTLY, RURAL, OCCUPATIONAL, WAGERING

Codification of Sport The Development of Competitive SportFestivals of Sport Rationalisation refers to the bringing of ideas and games together to establish more central themes Codification refers to the “coding” of sports, establishing rules that are recorded and accepted. For codification to take place there must be a Reason for it Need for it Process that occurs

Rationalisation of Sport The Development of Competitive SportFestivals of Sport Industrial revolution Urbanisation Public school development Oxbridge melting pot

Societal influences upon Sport England had traditionally been a rural agricultural country, No requirement for an educated population, necessary skills were handed down. Industrialisation caused a massive change to society The Development of Competitive SportThe rationalisation of sport

The effect of the Industrial revolution. Industrialisation caused a massive change to society – People need to learn new skills – Need for an educated workforce – Population shift to create new / bigger towns – Impact upon the types of recreation activities available The Development of Competitive SportThe rationalisation of sport

Society facilitates Rationalisation Industrialisation; Created the need for a different workforce with different pressures on time. Created the need for factories and centralised populations, not as much work in the countryside. Led to a need for a new educated middle class, (growth of new, 2 nd tier of public schools) to run factories, operate banking and trade institutions Led to the need for an educated workforce and a growth of state education / schools The Development of Competitive SportThe rationalisation of sport

Society facilitates Rationalisation Urbanisation; Need for centralised population to produce machinery / work was in the towns. Less space, need for sport to move from mass participation to a more spectatored event. Need for rules to limit playing size of participants. Need for specific environments, initially to play but also to cater for those wanting to observe. Increased centralised population would facilitate greater competition against a greater variety of opposition – would encourage regional leagues. The Development of Competitive SportThe rationalisation of sport

Society facilitates Rationalisation Working Conditions; Initially very poor, need to work long hours resulting in less opportunity for sport and recreation type activities. Created the need for a different type of workforce with different pressures on time. New middle / liberal class began to exert pressure leading to a gradual increase in free time, – Saturday 1/2 day, – 10 hour Act, – Early Closing Movement The Development of Competitive SportThe rationalisation of sport

Growing popularity of sport. Reasons for the growth in the popularity of sports; Popularity of activities in the public schools Students leaving school and continuing to play Reduced working hours – more time for workers Rationalisation and early codification brought games that could be played between groups Dense populations facilitated leagues Landowners seeing the commercial value through spectator revinue and patronage of teams. The Development of Competitive SportThe rationalisation of sport

TASK 2 IN PAIRS: The Industrial Revolution led to many changes within British society. Explain the effect that the Industrial Revolution had on the organisation and codification of sport after (6 MARKS)

HOMEWORK DESIGN A POSTER TO OUTLINE THE IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ON SPORT INCLUDE: – CODIFICATION – URBANISATION – SOCIAL INFLUENCES