2 divisions of the nervous system PNS – Peripheral Nervous System CNS – Central Nervous System – brain, spinal cord

brain 3 main divisions of brain – hindbrain; midbrain; forebrain

hindbrain a number of important fiber tracts project through the hindbrain into higher brain regions

hindbrain a number of important fiber tracts project through the hindbrain into higher brain regions – medulla

hindbrain a number of important fiber tracts project through the hindbrain into higher brain regions – Medulla Reticular formation – NE; locus coerulus - 5-HT (serotonin); raphe nuclei

medulla hindbrain

a number of important fiber tracts project through the hindbrain into higher brain regions – medulla – Pons -raphe -

hindbrain a number of important fiber tracts project through the hindbrain into higher brain regions – medulla – pons – cerebellum

medulla hindbrain

midbrain Sensory information Reward – Ventral tegmental area movement – substantia nigra -

forebrain cerebral cortex subcortical structures

forebrain Cerebral cortex – role of convolutions

4 lobes of cerebral cortex frontal

parietal temporal occipital

4 lobes of cerebral cortex frontal parietal

frontal parietal temporal occipital

4 lobes of cerebral cortex frontal parietal temporal

frontal parietal temporal occipital

4 lobes of cerebral cortex frontal parietal temporal occipital

frontal parietal temporal occipital

Some subcortical structures thalamus

The thalamus communicates with much of the cerebral cortex - serving as a sensory and motor information relay.

Some subcortical structures thalamus hypothalamus – important for hormonal release – also major DA projections

Some subcortical structures thalamus hypothalamus limbic system – important for emotion; learning and memory; reward; major DA pathway

Some subcortical structures thalamus hypothalamus limbic system basal ganglia – important for movement; major DA pathway that originates at substantia nigra terminates here

30

Major DA pathways mesolimbic – reward, emotion, etc nigrostriatal – important for movement; Parkinsons Disease – degeneration of the DA neurons in this pathway tuberofundibular - hypothalamus

33

NE – arousal, depression, also the NT in part of the sympathetic NS

5HT – imp in sleep, depression, aggression (maybe)

basal forebrain, hippocampal, midbrain nuclei PNS – neuromuscular junction, sympathetic ns, parasympathetic ns