Role of Policy in Behavior Change

Contents of the Lecture

Definition of Policy Are the decision made by the authorities concerning interventions.

The Behavior Change Wheel It composed of three level: 1.The sources of the behavior 2.Interventions functions 3.Policy categories It composed of three level: 1.The sources of the behavior 2.Interventions functions 3.Policy categories

The Behavior Change Wheel

Opportunity: Social, Physical. Capability: Physical, Psychological, Automatic Motivation: Automatic, Reflective Opportunity: Social, Physical. Capability: Physical, Psychological, Automatic Motivation: Automatic, Reflective 1- The sources of the behavior:

The Behavior Change Wheel Education Persuasion Incrimination Coercion Training Education Persuasion Incrimination Coercion Training Enablement Modeling Environmental restricting Restriction Enablement Modeling Environmental restricting Restriction 2- Interventions functions

The Behavior Change Wheel 1.Communication and marketing 2.Guidelines 3.Fiscal measures 4.Regulation 5.Legislation 6.Environmental or social planning 7.Service provision 1.Communication and marketing 2.Guidelines 3.Fiscal measures 4.Regulation 5.Legislation 6.Environmental or social planning 7.Service provision 3- Policy categories:

Principles for Developing Interventions Based on Models 1. Identify the audience groups and the target behaviour. 2. Identify the relevant behavioral models. 3. Select the key influencing factors to work on. Use these to design objectives in a draft strategy for the intervention. 1. Identify the audience groups and the target behaviour. 2. Identify the relevant behavioral models. 3. Select the key influencing factors to work on. Use these to design objectives in a draft strategy for the intervention.

Principles for Developing Interventions Based on Models 4. Identify effective intervention techniques which have worked in the past on the influencing factors selected 5. Engage the target audience for the intervention in order to understand the target behaviour and the factors influencing it from their perspective. 4. Identify effective intervention techniques which have worked in the past on the influencing factors selected 5. Engage the target audience for the intervention in order to understand the target behaviour and the factors influencing it from their perspective.

Principles for Developing Interventions Based on Models 6. Develop a model intervention based on the learning from working with the actors. Cross-check this against appropriate policy frameworks and assessment tools. 7. Start the intervention and monitor continuously. 6. Develop a model intervention based on the learning from working with the actors. Cross-check this against appropriate policy frameworks and assessment tools. 7. Start the intervention and monitor continuously.

Principles for Developing Interventions Based on Models 8. Evaluate impacts and processes. 9. Give feedback learned from the evaluation. 8. Evaluate impacts and processes. 9. Give feedback learned from the evaluation.

The Role of Policies To Enable The Interventions Seven policies are displayed in the outermost circle. They enable particular interventions and are outlined below.

The Behavior Change Wheel 1.Communication and marketing 2.Guidelines 3.Fiscal measures 4.Regulation 5.Legislation 6.Environmental or social planning 7.Service provision 1.Communication and marketing 2.Guidelines 3.Fiscal measures 4.Regulation 5.Legislation 6.Environmental or social planning 7.Service provision 3- Policy categories:

The Role of Policies To Enable The Interventions 1- Communication and marketing involves using print, electronic media, telephone or broadcast media. For example: in order to achieve broad political commitment for the prevention of childhood obesity, there should be a representative of the MOH in the local council and this representative should hold appropriate documents. 1- Communication and marketing involves using print, electronic media, telephone or broadcast media. For example: in order to achieve broad political commitment for the prevention of childhood obesity, there should be a representative of the MOH in the local council and this representative should hold appropriate documents.

The Role of Policies To Enable The Interventions 2- Guidelines: it may involve documents that explain the practice. 3- Fiscal measures (money): involve the use of the tax system to reduce or increase the financial cost of certain activities that might affect the health problems. 2- Guidelines: it may involve documents that explain the practice. 3- Fiscal measures (money): involve the use of the tax system to reduce or increase the financial cost of certain activities that might affect the health problems.

The Role of Policies To Enable The Interventions 4- Regulation: it involves establishing rules or principles of behavior or practice. 5- Legislation: involves making or changing laws. Laws aim to change behavior in a non-voluntary manner. An example is the Public Health law. 4- Regulation: it involves establishing rules or principles of behavior or practice. 5- Legislation: involves making or changing laws. Laws aim to change behavior in a non-voluntary manner. An example is the Public Health law.

The Role of Policies To Enable The Interventions 6- Environmental or social planning: It involves designing and/or controlling the physical or social environment. An example is giving attention to the design of the organizational structure that is friendly with the environment. 6- Environmental or social planning: It involves designing and/or controlling the physical or social environment. An example is giving attention to the design of the organizational structure that is friendly with the environment.

The Role of Policies To Enable The Interventions 7- Service provision: It involves delivering services. Examples include provision of the specific training courses for volunteers to prevent diseases. 7- Service provision: It involves delivering services. Examples include provision of the specific training courses for volunteers to prevent diseases.

Barriers To Development And Implementation Of Public Health Policies 1.Limited resources for public health. 2.Lack of awareness of the health problems. 3.Public health is not a dominant policy domain. 4.Lack of political support. 5.Generally the health is very unattractive to invest on it. 1.Limited resources for public health. 2.Lack of awareness of the health problems. 3.Public health is not a dominant policy domain. 4.Lack of political support. 5.Generally the health is very unattractive to invest on it.

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