Do Now 1.Take out your homework for me to check (Foner Ch. 1) 2.Form a group of three (move chairs if needed) 3.With your group, review definitions of these key terms: a.Protestant Reformation b.Bartolome de las Casas c.Smallpox d.New Netherland

Week 1: Contact

First, a review drill

Practice questions What school do you attend? Who was the first president of the United States? What’s Ms. Lam’s favorite football team? True or false: I love it when students talk over me.

Review questions: A New World What term describes the movement of people, animals, plants, goods, diseases, and ideas across the Atlantic Ocean after 1492? Answer: Columbian Exchange

Review questions: A New World Christopher Columbus claimed the island of Hispaniola in this country’s name. Answer: Spain

Review questions: A New World Name the Dominican missionary who protested against Spain’s treatment of Native Americans. Answer: Bartolome de las Casas

Review questions: A New World Name one disease that contributed to the massive depopulation of Native Americans after Europeans arrived in the Americas. Answer: smallpox (there are some other answers, too)

Review questions: A New World Which group of people revolted against the Spanish in 1680, causing them to temporarily abandon Santa Fe? Answer: the Pueblo

Review questions: A New World What was the primary economic activity of early French and Dutch settlers in North America? Fur trading

Review questions: A New World Who occupied the green regions? Spain Who occupied the tan regions? France

Before Contact OHOW DID GEOGRAPHICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO MAJOR SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NATIVE AMERICAN SOCIETIES UP TO 1491?

Native Americans Before Contact First, some disclaimers ◦I’m going to do a bad job of this – intentionally ◦Beware of generalizations Two big points ◦Geography and environment matter ◦There was no such thing as a “native” identity

Native Americans Before Contact Groups of three – use textbook (pp ) and notes to answer: ◦What were major similarities between different groups of Indians in North America? ◦What were major differences between different groups of Indians in North America? (Give specific examples!) Focus: economics, religion/spirituality, culture/key beliefs

Native Americans Before Contact Key commonalities: ◦Animism – belief that spiritual/supernatural power is everywhere ◦Very little concept of private property ◦Trade is for building relationships, not just getting rich ◦Different gender roles – but more equal than most Europeans Key differences = economic activities ◦Most intensive farming in Southwest ◦Nomadic, hunting-based lifestyles on Great Plains ◦Mixed economies in Northeast

The Columbian Exchange Date: 1492 Definition: Exchange of goods, people, diseases, knowledge, plants/animals between Europe and the New World Significance: Affected evolution/natural environment, destroyed Native American populations, changes life in Europe

After Contact WHAT ARE THE MAJOR SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SPANISH, FRENCH, AND DUTCH COLONIES IN THE AMERICAS THROUGH THE MID-17TH CENTURY?

Religion and Colonization: “Inter Caetera” 1493 Papal bull (decree) granting Spain possession and trading rights in most lands in the Americas Significance: ◦Gave Spain a monopoly on most colonization ◦Encouraged Spain to spread Catholicism ◦Supported idea that Europeans were “discovering” land

Make a chart: SpainFranceNetherlands Motives – why did they colonize? Where? Relations with natives Economic activities Who settled there? Anything else?

Native Resistance

Natives greatly outnumbered Europeans Why didn’t they resist successfully? ◦Possibility of gain – trade, alliances ◦Assumption that Europeans were friendly ◦Guns ◦Diseases ◦Difficulty of coordinating resistance – language, rivalries