Rare Earth Proposal for a new field of technical activity of ISO in 2015 Presented by Ms. YU Limei Proposer: Standardization Administration of China (SAC)

Content  What is rare earth?  Purpose for the new proposal  About the proposal  Potential benefits  What will we do?

What is rare earth? As defined by IUPAC, a rare earth element(REE) or rare earth metal, is one of a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides, as well as scandium and yttrium. Rare earth element

Purpose for the new proposal 1. Rare earth’s increasingly important role throughout development of the globe 2. Rare earth supply being diversified worldwide Selected Rare Earth Element Bearing Products Selected Rare Earth Element Bearing Products World Mine Production and Reserves (2013 Estimates) Country Production (Metric Ton) Reserves (Metric Ton) United States4,00013,000,000 Australia2,0002,100,000 Brazil14022,000,000 China100,00055,000,000 India2,9003,100,000 Russia2,400? Vietnam220? Malaysia10030,000 Other countriesnot available41,000,000 World total (rounded)110,000140,000,000 Data source: Geology.com

Rare earth: an increasingly important role throughout development of the globe Purpose for the new proposal

Rare earth supply being diversified worldwide Purpose for the new proposal

Rare earth production pattern is being diversifed globally. It is time to establish a new rare earth ISO TC to develop international rare earth standards and to help world rare earth community to use a "common language". Priorities will be given to basic standards and testing and analysis standards, because : (1) Same understanding of definations is essential for producers and users of rare earths globally to avoid ambiguity in trade. It is also the base for development of international rare earth standards. (2) Consensus in testing and anlysis standards will improve the comparability in testing data and therefore reduce trade dispute. Product standards are a key part of rare earth standards, which will outline the major chemical composition or physical property requirement for a specific rare earth product and will level the trade of rare earth on international market. Purpose for the new proposal

China started to develop rare earth standards from 1970s. China has built up a relatively full standard system for rare earths, containing more than 200 national standard(GB) and industrial standard(XB) Purpose for the new proposal

Rare earth ores and concentrates Metals, alloys and compounds Materials Reuse and recycling Working scope of the new TC About the new proposal

Basic standards --Terms and definations --Designation system --Packing, marking, transport and storage Testing and analysis standards --Chemical analysis of rare earth concentrates, metals and materials --Determination of partical size and specific surface area of rare earth compounds Key product standards Standardization of key rare earth products About the new proposal

Potential benefits Consensus on Rare earth terms and definitions Designation system Testing method Technical requirements on composition or properties of products …… Standards will level the playing field of rare earth!

Producing countries China USA Australia Russia Brazil Vietnam Canada Malaysia India …… China Japan USA EU  Italy  France Canada Southeast Asia …… Consuming countries Note: countries with blue color are PASC members Potential benefits

Relevant affected stakeholder Producer Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare-earth (group) Hi-tech Co., Ltd., China Moly Corp., USA, Lynas Corp., Ltd. Australia Indian Rare Earth Ltd. Kuantan smelter, Malaysia Hundreds of SME…… Trader Minmetals Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare earth International Trade Co. Rare Earth Trading Company in USA, UK …… Consumer Numerous consumers across the world, with majority of them dedicated to manufacturing of permanent magnets, green lightening products and electric and household appliances, vehicle catalysts, hybrid cars, etc. Potential benefits

To contact rare earth producers and big users in your country To invite experts in your country to participant in the proposed new field activities of “ Rare Earth”. We will greatly appreciate your kind support. …… What will we do?

We need work together! Many Thanks!