Crowd and Open Sourcing By Lindsay Romo

Definition: obtaining services, ideas, or content by soliciting contributions from a large group of people Characteristics  Subdivide tedious work  Fund-raise for startups  Combines the efforts of self-identified volunteers  Undefined public rather than a specific group Crowdsourcing

 Graphic design  Writing  Illustration  DesignContest  Apparel design  Footwear/Sporting Goods  Writing Illustration  Interior design  Architecture  Video  Film/TV  Music/sound design  Voice Overs Uses

 Mainly to the Internet  Crowdsourcing can either be explicit or implicit  Explicit:  Books or webpages  Share by posting products or items  Implicit:  Standalone  Piggyback Modern methods

 Spatial reasoning (or literally seeing solutions)  Intuition  Adaptivity  Collaboration  Self-organization  Competition Why it works

 The smartest biochemists and fastest computers have made little progress on this bitterly difficult problem over half a century  Foldit - a protein folding game  visual or spatial challenge  goal is to arrange an on-screen protein into the smallest possible shape that obeys all the rules  Amateurs can fold proteins better than chemists and computers Biochemistry Example

Definition: any system of innovation or production that relies on goal-oriented yet loosely coordinated participants, who interact to create a product (or service) of economic value, which they make available to contributors and non- contributors alike  open source promotes  universal access  universal redistribution Open Source

 Computer software  Electronics  Beverages  Digital content  Medicine  Science and engineering  Robotics  Fashion  Education  Media  Religion  Arts  Recreation  Hardware Applications

Closed System Innovation

Open Innovation Model Licensing Other Firm’s Market New Products/ Services

Motivation Extrinsic Motivators  Financial compensation  Recognition  Awards Intrinsic Motivators  Autonomy  Relatedness  Learning  Self-expression  Control  Enjoyment

Barriers & Opportunities Barriers  Social loafing  Evaluation apprehension  Production blocking Opportunities  Domain knowledge  Creative thinking skills  Problem orientation  Motivation

Questions?

  Wikipedia  Professors slides Works Cited