SEGMENTACIJA I POZICIONIRANJE NA GLOBALNOM TRŽIŠTU

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SEGMENTACIJA I POZICIONIRANJE NA GLOBALNOM TRŽIŠTU Prof. dr. Anto Domazet SEGMENTACIJA I POZICIONIRANJE NA GLOBALNOM TRŽIŠTU Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci Ekonomski fakultet, 8-9. april 2011.

Kako na globalnom tržištu različitosti naći homogene segmente ELECTROLUX Ford Rafinerija ulja Modriča Sony

Ciljevi segmentacije Cilj segmentacije je stvoriti segmente potrošača na nekom tržištu koji su homogeni unutar segmenta a heterogeni između segmenata. Makrosegmentacija - cilj stvoriti segmente ili klastere zemalja koje imaju međusobne sličnosti, na bazi ekonomskih, demografskih, kulturoloških i drugih karakteristika. Lokalna mikrosegmentacija ima svrhu da izabere ciljni tržišni segment unutar lokalnog tržišta

Segmentacija radi adaptiranog pristupa segmentima i standardizacije unutar segmenata Globalno tržište Segment A Marketing mix A Potrošač A Segment B Marketing mix B Potrošač B Segment C Marketing mix C Potrošač C

Kriteriji segmentacije: ne kupuje onaj ko ima pare, nego onaj ko je naučio Ekonomski kriteriji: visina GDP per capita, osjetljivost na cijene, visina dohotka za potrošnju, i slično. Demografski kriteriji: životno doba, porodični status, Kultura: tradicionalisti, dinamični urabani ljudi, pasivni promatrači (Beneton cilj generaciju X, a British Airways Anglo-saksonske poslovne ljude) Očekivane koristi: ekonomske – niža cijena ili psihološke, skrivene - nastojanje ljudi da održe zdravlje, ljepotu, mladost, Životni stil: motivi potrošnje nisu samo vezani za zadovoljavanje baznih ljudskih potreba. B2B marketing: količine i vrijednosti nabavki, cijena, direktne ili indirektne nabave

Zamke geografskog segmentiranja

Segmentiranje Nestle Purina za hranu za ljubimce na hrvatskom tržištu

Zemlje (vertikalna segmentacija) Horizontalni vs vertikalni segmenti (slučaj regije Jugoistočne Europe ) Horizontalni segmenti Zemlje (vertikalna segmentacija) SLO HR BH SR KO MN MA AL Low price segment 10 15 20 22 30 23 Mass segment 60 68 73 70 66 65 71 Premium segment 5 3 13 4 High premium 7 2 1 Ukupno 100

Standardizacija vs adaptacija Globalizacija (Standardizacija) Razvijanje standardiziranih proizvoda sa standardiziranim marketing mixom širom svijeta – suština masovnog marketinga Globalna lokalizacija (Adaptacija) Kombinacija standardizacije i prilagođavanja koja minimizira troškove i podiže zadovoljstvo kupaca Essence of segmentation Suština segmentacije: Misli globalno, djeluj lokalno (Think globally, act locally) 1-9

Standardization versus Adaptation Arabic Read right to left The design is basically the same but the name is frequently transliterated into local languages. The Arabic label is read right to left; the Chinese label translates “delicious/happiness.” Chinese “delicious/happiness” 1-10 The Faces of Coca-Cola Around the World 10

McDonald’s Global Marketing Marketing Mix Element Standardization Localized McAloo Tikka potato burger (India) Slang Macca’s (Australia) MakDo (Philippines) McJoy magazine, “Hawaii Surfing Hula” promotion (Japan) Home delivery (India) Swiss rail system dining cars $5.21 (Switzerland) $1.31(China) Product Promotion Place Price Big Mac Brand name Advertising Slogan “I’m Loving It” Free-standing Big Mac is $3.10 in U.S. and Turkey 1-11

Koja kompanija je više globalizirana

Strategija pozicioniranja Optima motornog ulja na hrvatskom tržištu High Price Low Castrol Valvoline ESSO INA Optima High Benefits Low

Drugi elementi pozicioniranja High Lojalnost Low Toyota Ford Volvo VW Renault High Tehnološko liderstvo Low

Drugi elementi pozicioniranja Drugi elementi pozicioniranja *ovdje nam treba neetnocentri;an menad\ment da bismo uveli brand koji asocira na yemlju lidera nekog biynisa High Market share Low Toyota Ford Volvo VW Renault High Country of Origine Low

Drugi elementi pozicioniranja High Drustvena odgovornost Low Toyota Ford Volvo VW Renault High Snaga branda Low