Microscopy and Cell History Cell “Guts” A Potpourri &Hodgepodge Of CELLS!! Membranes and Membrane Highways The Cell Unit “Grab Bag”

All organisms are composed of “these” organized structures 100 What are cells Continue

200 Complete the following Cell theory statement: “All cells come from _________________ _____________ What are “pre-existing cells” Continue

300 This category of cells has a definite nucleus and organelles. What is eukaryotic Continue

400 This is a tool scientists used to develop the “Cell theory” What is a microscope Continue

500 Cells are similar to “THESE” in that they are both basic units or building blocks What are atoms Continue

600 A bacteria cell is _____________, since it has no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles What is prokaryotic Continue

700 The ocular lens of a microscope has a magnification of 10X and the objective lens has a magnification of 40X. The total magnification is…. Continue What is 400X

800 This organelle is found in greater detail in the liver cells of alcoholics. It helps to detoxify poisons. What is smooth ER Continue

900 In the microscope lab, this is the most notable difference between the onion epidermis cells and the Elodea leaf cells What are chloroplasts (elodea have them and onion do not) Continue

1000 This is one person who helped to develop the Cell Theory by suggesting plants and animals were composed of cells Who is Schwann or Schleiden Continue

100 What are vacuoles (central vacuole in plants) Continue These organelles are much larger in plants than in animals, and they store water and ions

200 This is the cell’s internal support system What is the cytoskeleton Continue

300 This cellular structure is the powerhouse of the cell…it is involved in producing ATP (energy) in respiration What is a mitochondrion Continue

400 List three things that all cells have in common What is a) cell membrane, b)ribosomes, c)genetic material, d) cytoplasm, etc. Continue

500 This organelle packages, processes and ships proteins and fats; it also functions in producing lysosomes What is the Golgi Apparatus Continue

600 Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain a small amount of this genetic material…it allows them to direct the production of some of their own proteins What is DNA Continue

700 These are two plant cell parts that are not found in animal cells. What are cell wall and chloroplast Continue

800 Oftentimes when a food vacuole or foreign invader is “ingested” by phagocytosis, this organelle fuses with the vacuole to “digest” its contents What is the lysosome Continue

900 A major reason the mitochondria have very organized, folded membranes (cristae) is for this function. What is to provide more surface area to allow cell respiration to occur more efficiently Continue

1000 This is the jelly-like substance within every cell that is composed mostly of water and provides an appropriate environment for the cell’s chemical reactions What is the cytoplasm Continue

100 This is the control center of the cell and the location of the cell’s genetic material What is the nucleus Continue

200 We used this “stain” in our “Comparing Cells” Lab to better illuminate organelles/cell parts that would otherwise be invisible What is Iodine Continue

300 This organelle houses chlorophyll What are chloroplasts Continue

400 These are the organelles that are primarily involved in ion storage What are vacuoles Continue

500 What organelle is expected to be found in abundance in the arm muscles of an Olympic weight lifter What are mitochondria Continue

600 The diffusion of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane What is osmosis Continue

700 These are two different places that proteins are made within a cell (before they are either used within the cell or transported outside the membrane). What are cytoplasm and/or mitochondria and/or E.R. and/or chloroplast Continue

800 In the plasma membrane, “these molecules” help cells move certain substances across the membrane. What are transport proteins Continue

900 In 1665, this English scientist used a 3 lens microscope to examine the structure of cork…he gave “cells” their name What is Robert Hooke Continue

1000 This is an example of a unicellular eukaryote What is paramecium, euglena, amoeba, etc. etc. Continue

100 A cell membrane is said to be “this” if it allows some molecules to pass through but resists other molecules What is semi-permeable Continue

200 This type of membrane transport requires energy to make the process “go” What is Active Transport Continue

300 The sodium potassium pump is an example of a membrane transport mechanism that requires this to succeed. What is Energy Continue

400 The definition of diffusion What is “a passive process where an object/molecule travels from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentraion” Continue

500 These are two examples of passive transport processes What are diffusion and/or osmosis and/or facilitated diffusion Continue

600 This is what would happen to a red blood cell that was placed into a concentrated salt (hypertonic) solution What is shrivel up (and probably cease to live) Continue

700 The membrane is composed of these types of molecules, a __________________ bilayer What is phospholipid Continue

800 The “tails of the phospholipid bilayer are said to be hydrophobic which translates to “……..” What is “water fearing” Continue

900 A specific form of endocytosis where a cell “engulfs” something large from the outside to bring it in (oftentimes to acquire nutrients for the cell) What is phagocytosis Continue

1000 If a cell were placed into an environment (that it wasn’t used to) and it swelled up and exploded, the environment was probably_____________. What is hypotonic (remember water moves through osmosis in the direction of hypo- to hypertonic) Continue

100 This is the process in which organisms (autotrophs) make their own food What is photosynthesis Continue

200 This organelle is connected to the nuclear envelope What is Endoplasmic Reticulum Continue

300 Your pancreas produce a protein called insulin. “This” is the cellular organelle that produces insulin. What are Ribosomes Continue

400 A membrane transport process where energy is not required to move something What is Passive Transport Continue

500 Substances diffuse down their _____________________________, which is diffusing from an area of high to low concentrations What is a Concentration Gradient Continue

600 The Fluid Mosaic Model describes the structure of this What is the cell (plasma) membrane Continue

700 A small organelle that contains and transports materials within the cytoplasm What is a vesicle Continue

800 A solution has an equal concentration of dissolved particles when compared to another substance What is isotonic Continue

900 “This” is the region where DNA is located in a prokaryotic organism What is the nucleoid Continue

1000 This is a small cylinder shaped organelle that aids in cell division and is only found in animal cells What is a centriole Continue