 What disease killed million people worldwide but has since been eradicated from the human population?

 Progression: › Rash › Pus-filled blisters › Disfiguration and/or blindness › Death rate = 30% Man with smallpox; Public Health Images Library. Source: CDC

 The first vaccine Edward Jenner

 1967: WHO announces global smallpox eradication program. › Still 15 million new cases a year then  1977: Last reported naturally occurring case in Somalia. › Smallpox is the only disease totally eradicated in humans

Ring around the rosy, A pocket full of posies, Ashes… Ashes, We all fall down! Written in London in 1665

Gangrene caused by plague

 13 cases reported in Oregon (5 fatal) since  Mostly spread from fleas of infected rodents.

 Caused by Clostridium botulinum bacteria  Rare but serious – causes paralysis if left untreated.  Five types of botulism: › Foodborne › Wound › Infant › Adult intestinal › Iatrogenic

 Symptoms include: › Double vision, blurred vision, drooping eyelids, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth, muscle weakness.  Antitoxin is available for treatment

 Proper food handling › Especially in food preservation › Be wary of dented, bulging cans  Botulism’s not all bad….

 Flu seasons vary from year to year  About 20% of US population infected every year › Higher among susceptible populations  Three main types of flu virus: Types A, B & C › Type A causes the greatest morbidity and mortality  Example: H1N1 (2009 Epidemic)

 Since the late 19 th century, four occurrences of pandemics › ; ; ;  2009; H1N1 › Was that the pandemic for our time??  Type A cycles every years  What’s different about Type A influenza?

 20-33% world’s population is infected with TB › Majority of the above = “Dormant TB”  Can be dormant for 30 years › Only 5-10% will become “active” TB

Public.health.oregon.gov

 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus › Staph bacteria resistant to certain antibiotics called beta-lactams.  Often appears as pustule or boil › May think of a spider bite at first.

 HA-MRSA = Health care acquired › More serious and potentially deadly  CA-MRSA = Community acquired › Anyone is at risk

Contaminated Surfaces and Shared Items Frequent Contact Cleanliness Crowding Compromised Skin Antimicrobial Use (CDC, 2012)

 Newberg, Oregon… › High schooler spread MRSA through tattoos, several students infected. › Mainly spread through unclean needles.

 Ebola  Flesh-eating disease  Mad cow

 Kissing disease

 Giardia

HAVHBVHCV U.S. Stats25,000 new infections/yr 43,000 new infections/yr 17,000 new infections/yr TransmissionIngestion of fecal matter Contact w/ infectious body fluids Contact w/ infected blood SeverityUsually no lasting damage, rarely fatal Most fully recover; Some develop liver disease; ~3,000 die / yr 60-70% develop chronic liver disease; 1-5% will die from liver cancer Vaccine?Vaccine available No vaccine SymptomsFever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, joint pain, jaundice CDC, 2012

 Gonorrhea  Syphilis