Geographic factors and impacts of disease

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Presentation transcript:

Geographic factors and impacts of disease Examine the geographic factors responsible for the incidence and spread of TWO diseases (AIDS and Malaria). Evaluate the geographic impact of these two diseases at the local, national and international scales. Evaluate the management strategies that have been applied in any one country or region for these diseases

Malaria

Starter: In this landscape there are five elements that can cause the spread of malaria. Can you identify/label them?

Villager: the mosquito feeds on blood. It needs a blood supply in order to live. Leaving bare flesh exposed is asking for trouble. People also migrate a lot more. This makes it easy for the disease to spread. Sun: the mosquito needs warm conditions to exist. They can be found in areas where the temperatures are above 16 degrees Celsius. Hut: having your home open to the elements allows the mosquito free access. You are just as likely to be infected while you sleep at night as you are during the day. Stagnant water: the mosquito needs still or slow moving water in order to breed. They don't need large pools of water to breed. Irrigation ditches and water in potholes in the road are just as suitable. Cow: mosquitoes are just as happy feeding on the blood of animals. One source of blood is as good as another.

“Health Politics” – talk on malaria by Dr Mike Magee (2006) Watch the video and complete the worksheet Watch the BBC news clip (1m) from Feb 2012 How has the situation changed over time?

Geographic factors responsible for spread and incidence of malaria Temperature Above 16 C for parasite to develop Below 32 C Water Stagnant water to lay eggs e.g. swamp/marsh

Geographic impact of malaria nationally Southern Tanzania 80% of children infected by age 6 months 4% of children under 5 die Belize – stopped using DDT in 1992 disease virtually eliminated but by 1994 10,000 cases out of population of 200,000

Geographic impact of malaria internationally Kills up to 3 million annually Mostly in sub-saharan Africa 500 million more suffer with disease Cost of malaria $2 billion/year Prevention would cost $12 billion/year on known prevention and halve number dying Tourism spreading disease Trade spreading disease Global warming new breeding grounds? Agricultural schemes expanding and increase in irrigation

Strategies to over come the disease i.e. barriers to diffusion Drain malarial swamps and marshes (in tropics too great a task) DDT very effective but long lasting effects on environment and build up in food chain Medicine chloroquine e.g. G & T! but side effects e.g. liver failure and blindness and mosquitoes becoming resistant Mosquito net – one of the MDG

Malaria task You are going to be working in groups – each making an info page on an aspect of malaria. You will then give them in to me and I will scan them and send them to you all – so you have a complete malaria stufy Make it clear – easy to read/understand –– use diagrams/images where appropriate

Malaria Resources: Malaria information booklet Areas that need a info page: Background info on malaria – key stats and facts Geographic factors responsible for incidence and spread of malaria Impact of malaria at the local scale (evaluate) Impact of malaria at the national scale (evaluate) Impact of malaria at the international scale (evaluate) Evaluate the management strategies that have been applied in any one country or region for malaria. Chosen country/ region: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYOWq9OIZC0 Management strategy Successes Failures

Background information on malaria – key stats and facts

Geographic factors responsible for incidence and spread of malaria

Impact of malaria at the local scale (evaluate)

Impact of malaria at the national scale (evaluate)

Impact of malaria at the international scale (evaluate)

Evaluate the management strategies that have been applied in any one country or region for malaria. Chosen country/ region: Management strategy Successes Failures http://www.irinnews.org/Report/70594/MALI-Beating-malaria-achievable-this-year-gov-t-says http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYOWq9OIZC0