Viruses Doesn’t belong to any kingdom -It’s not a plant or an animal. -It’s not a fungi, protist, or bacteria. WHAT IS A VIRUS?

A virus is an _______agent made up of ________acid (DNA ___ RNA) wrapped in a _______coat called a_______. Viruses have no______, no_______, no ________or _____________—Non-cellular This is why it does NOT belong to any kingdom. vs

Viruses with ____that transcribe into DNA are called _____________. Viruses have either DNA or RNA but NOT both. Viruses with ____that transcribe into DNA are called _____________. Viruses are like parasites—they depend entirely upon another living organism (a______) for its existence in such a way that it _______ that organism. HIV Infected Cell

Bacteriophage—viruses that infect_______ Capsid (protein coat) inside contains either RNA or DNA 2. Flu (influenza), HIV DNA or RNA Surface Marker Capsid (protein coat)

Bacteriophage—a virus that infects bacteria (bacteria is the host) Capsid Nucleic Acid Bacteriophage—a virus that infects bacteria (bacteria is the host)

C. Nonviral particle Has _______only, no DNA or RNA (cause of mad cow disease and Creutfeldt-Jacob disease in humans)—________(affects the brain and is almost always fatal)

D. __________is how a virus spreads. A virus _________reproduce by itself—it must invade a host cell and take over the cell __________eventually causing ________of the cell and killing it. (The virus enters a cell, ___________of itself and causes the cell to _______releasing more viruses.) DNA/RNA is copied. DNA/RNA injected into cell. Virus attaches to cell. Step 3 Step 2 Step 1 Virus copies itself. Cell bursts (lyses) and releases new viruses. Step 4 Step 5

Certain viruses can only attack certain cell types Certain viruses can only attack certain cell types. They are said to be______. Example: The rabies virus only attacks _____or _______cells. Surface Markers Virus Receptor Sites It’s like the pieces of a puzzle. The ends have to match up so only certain pieces fit. Cell

A virus recognizes cells it can infect by matching its ___________with a ____________on a cell.

Importance: Beneficial: *Harmful Causes disease—_____________ Disease producing agent—____________ Human Diseases: Warts, common cold, Influenza (flu), Smallpox, Ebola, Herpes, AIDS, Chicken pox, Rabies Viruses disrupt homeostatis in the body. Viruses can be prevented with ________but NOT treated with antibiotics. (antibiotics treat_________________ Beneficial: __________________—harmless virus carries good genes into cells.

Virus Living Cell Structure Reproduction Genetic Material Growth and Development Obtain and Use Energy Response to Environment Change over time

Are viruses living? NO ONE How many characteristics of life do viruses possess? ONE *Genetic Material Are viruses living? NO