I have a dream for the Web [in which computers] become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web – the content, links, and transactions between people.

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Presentation transcript:

I have a dream for the Web [in which computers] become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web – the content, links, and transactions between people and computers. A "Semantic Web", which makes this possible, has yet to emerge, but when it does, the day-to-day mechanisms of trade, bureaucracy and our daily lives will be handled by machines talking to machines. The "intelligent agents" people have touted for ages will finally materialize. Tim Berners-Lee 1999 Image by Paul Clarke, Wikimedia Commons, CC-BY

"It is not easy to build a robot, and only very clever boys should try it." Carol Ryrie Brink (1966) Andy Buckram's Tin Men. How cool would it be to make the intelligent agents come into existence ?!

The Baskauf Rule for Technology Adopting new technology requires that it do something better than the old technology W3C Semantic Web Activity logos used according to usage guidelineshttp:// W3C Resource Description Framework

What does RDF and SPARQL do better than traditional databases and SQL? If the answer is "nothing", then we shouldn't waste our time using it!

RDF is an abstract, graph-based model Triples are represented in text as serializations. Two serializations are W3C Recommendations: XML (media type: application/rdf+xml) Turtle (media type: text/turtle) also RDFa and JSON-LD (but we won't look at these today) RDF/XML plays well with XML tools like XSLT and Xquery, but isn't very readable RDF/Turtle is easier for humans to read. SPARQL is based on Turtle syntax.

W3C RDF/XML Validation/visualization Service Load RDF/XML file from IRIs=ovals, literals=rectangles, predicates=arrows Graph model of data in van-gogh.rdf

Serializations of the data Namespace abbreviations abbreviated IRIs type blank (anonymous) node XML Turtle

paintingpainteryear The Starry NightVincent van Gogh1889 Birth of VenusSandro Botticelli1485 The Starry Night Vincent van Gogh 1889 Birth of Venus Sandro Botticelli 1485 dbres:The_Starry_Night dcterms:creator viaf: ; dcterms:created "1889"^^xsd:gYear. dcterms:creator viaf: ; dcterms:created "1485"^^xsd:gYear. Database table XML RDF (Turtle serialization) IRIs denote resources. The resource that is denoted is the referent.

RDF "means" something. dbres:The_Starry_Night dcterms:creator viaf: denotes the actual painting entitled "The Starry Night" denotes the actual person whose name was "Vincent van Gogh" denotes the relationship of a subject resource having a maker who is the object agent.

information resource (web page; deliverable via Internet) non-information resource (a painting; not deliverable via Internet) simple literal (denotes a string of characters with NO meaning) IRI (denotes the person, Vincent van Gogh)