Course Instructor: Hira Farman Course : BY:HIRA FARMAN

By:Hira Farman

TURBO C BY:Robert Lafore LET US C(Referrence book from my side) BY:YASHAVANT P.KANETKAR BY: Hira Farman

RULE OF THIS COURSE: BY: Hira Farman

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION TO C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE BY: Hira Farman

What is Computer? What is programming? What is program? What is Language? What is C ? BY: Hira Farman

What is Computer? Definition: A computer is a device that accepts information (in the form of digitalized data) and manipulates it for some result based on a program. In other words: Tool for solving problem with data. Data is raw facts and figures. BY: Hira Farman

Programming is the process of designing, writing, testing, debugging, and maintaining the source code of computer programs. This code can be written in a variety of computer programming languages. Some of these languages include Java, C, and Python. One line definitions: Process of writing instructions for computers. The act or process of planning or writing a program. BY: Hira Farman

 A program is a sequence of instructions that tell a computer how to do a task.  When a computer follows the instructions in a program, we say it executes the program.  In computing, a program is a specific set of ordered operations for a computer to perform. BY: Hira Farman

 You are computer.  Making a spaghetti is a task.  The recipe is the program that tells you how to execute the task. BY: Hira Farman

 Computer programming is defined as telling a computer what to do through a special set of instructions which are then interpreted by the computer to perform some task(s). OR  Computer programming is the craft of writing useful, maintainable, and extensible source code which can be interpreted & compiled by a computing system to perform a meaningful tasks  You do not need to have some kind of special software to write programs.  It is not necessary to have vast technical knowledge BY: Hira Farman

 Algorithm  Source code  Compiler  Data type  Variable  Constan t BY: Hira Farman

Computer Programming : It is a predefined way of telling the computer that what task is to be performed. It is the implementation part of the activity of “Software Development” Computer Programs: It is a set of sequence of instruction, that a computer will understand and try to execute. One or related set of computer programs may be called a “ Computer Software ” BY: Hira Farman

To analyze design and implementation on different software program as per group requirement. A programmer, computer programmer, developer, coder, or software engineer is a person who writes computer software.computer software The term computer programmer can refer to a specialist in one area of computer programming or to a generalist who writes code for many kinds of software. computer programming The term programmer can be used to refer to a software developer, Web developer, mobile applications developer, software engineer, computer scientist, or software analystsoftware developerWeb developersoftware engineercomputer scientist BY: Hira Farman

A programming language is a set of rules that provides a way of telling a computer what operations to perform. A programming language is a set of rules for communicating an algorithm. BY: Hira Farman

 First generation languages (1GL) : ◦ Represent the very early, primitive computer languages that consisted entirely of 1's and 0's - the actual language that the computer understands (machine language). BY: Hira Farman

Second generation languages (2GL) Represent a step up from the first generation languages. Allow for the use of symbolic names instead of just numbers. Second generation languages are known as assembly languages. Code written in an assembly language is converted into machine language (1GL). BY: Hira Farman

Third generation languages (3GL) Use words and commands (instead of just symbols and numbers). These languages therefore, had syntax that was much easier to understand. Third generation languages are known as "high level languages" and include C, C++, Java, and JavaScript, among others. BY: Hira Farman

Fourth generation languages (4GL) The syntax used in 4GL is very close to human language. 4GL languages are typically used to access databases and include SQL and ColdFusion, among others. Fifth generation languages (5GL) Fifth generation languages are currently being used for artificial intelligence. BY: Hira Farman

1-Procedure-oriented programming  Structured method of creating programs is used.  A problem is broken up into parts and each part is then broken up into further parts.  All these parts are known as procedures.  They are separate but work together when needed.  Some procedure-oriented languages are COBOL, FORTRAN, and C. BY: Hira Farman

2-Object oriented programming  A type of programming where data types representing data structures are defined by the programmer.  Programmers can also create relationships between data structures and create new data types based on existing ones by having one data type inherit characteristics from another one.  Data types defined by the programmer are called classes  Some object-oriented languages include C++, Java, and PHP. BY: Hira Farman

 The compiler translates the entire program in one go and then executes it.  Compiler generates the error report after the translation of the entire program. BY: Hira Farman

 The interpreter takes one statement then translates it and executes it and then takes another statement.  interpreter will stop the translation after it gets the first error BY: Hira Farman

C is a programming language developed at AT & T’S Bell Laboratories of USA in 1972.It was designed & written by a man Dennis Ritchie. Ritchie seems to have been rather surprised that so many programmers preferred C to older languages like FORTRAN,COBOL,PASCAL. BY: Hira Farman

PDP-7 PDP-11 BY: Hira Farman

 Many popular software tools are written in C.  Has strongly influenced many other languages. java, C++, etc.  Major parts of popular operating system like windows, UNIX, LINUX are still written in C.  Very concise language. BY: Hira Farman

Mobile devices like cellular phones & palmtops have become range of today. Also common consumer device like microwave ovens,washing machine & digital cameras are getting smarter by the day. This smartness comes form microprocessor, an operating system & a program embedded in these devices. These programs not only have to run fast but also have to work in limited amount of memory. No wonder such a program are written in c. BY: Hira Farman

Many popular gaming frameworks have been built using c language. BY: Hira Farman

 I hope that these are very convincing reasons.  why you should adopt c as the first instead of (C++,java) & the very important question for learning programming languages. Lecture 1 End BY: Hira Farman

 Collect 15 authentic points from today’s lecture.  (submit in next class) BY:Hira Farman