Lesson 2a – Weimar Germany (1924~29) Essential Question O Was there a Golden Age for the Weimar Republic between 1924~29? Learning Outcomes - Students will: O Preview – How did it survive? O Learn about the success and failures of the economy Success Criteria I can determine if the economy was strong or not

Preview O Extremist groups didn’t gain support until the Great Depression began How was the Weimar Republic able to succeed after the turbulent early years (1919~1923)?

Vocab O Golden Age O Cartel O Coalition O Proportional Representation

Reading O HL Only – Pg. 45~64 O Paper 3 – Topic 14:Conflict and Cooperation; Topic 15: Versailles to Berlin O Make sure you are adding to O Notes O Essential Question O IB Math O Notes only = max 5 O Textbook only = max 5 O Notes + Textbook = 6~7 2 lessons = about 1 week

Economy 1928 – production levels reach 1913 levels Foreign loans increased because of high German interest rates (ex. Ford and GM heavily invested) Cartels – monopolies O Ex. IG Farben became the largest manufacturer in Europe Exports rose 40% between 1925~29 Wages rose for workers every year

Economic Problems Tariffs still remained throughout the world O Germany traditionally depended on foreign trade O Loss of pre-WW1 territory meant smaller market O Agricultural Problems O 1/3 of the population, a fall in world food prices meant no profit O Thus, farmers spent less O Germans didn’t invest, therefore the economy was completely reliant on foreign loans O Gov’t debt rose to 26% of GDP ‘Germany is dancing on a volcano. If the short-term credits are called in, a large section of our economy would collapse.”

Communist Centre-Left Centre-Right NAZI What conclusion can you make about German Democracy?

Politics O Coalition politics O Parties worked together, despite having different opinions O Ex. The left-centre coalition SPD, DDP and DVP agreed on foreign policy, but disagreed on domestic O Extremist groups (KPD, NSDAP) support fell O Proportional Representation O Seats based on popular vote, meaning that it would be difficult to gain a clear majority

Weimar Strengths and Weaknesses Strengths Weakness Long-term success?

Lesson 2b – Weimar Germany (1924~29) Essential Question O Was there a Golden Age for the Weimar Republic between 1924~29? Learning Outcomes - Students will: O Preview – Weimar golden age or problematic? O Learn about Stresemann’s foreign policy O Discuss if he was successful or not? Success Criteria I can compare if Stresemann’s foreign policy was a success or not

Preview O Why is this time called the “Golden Age?” O What problems are the Weimar Republic facing?

Vocab O Hindenburg O Ersatzkaiser O A.J. Nicholls O Stresemann O Fulfilment O Locarno Pact

Reading O HL Only – Pg. 45~64 O Paper 3 – Topic 14:Conflict and Cooperation; Topic 15: Versailles to Berlin O Make sure you are adding to O Notes O Essential Question O IB Math O Notes only = max 5 O Textbook only = max 5 O Notes + Textbook = 6~7 2 lessons = about 1 week

Presidency O 1925 – Ebert died unexpectedly O Paul von Hindenburg is elected president O Received 48% O 2 nd place 45% O Ersatzkaiser (substitute kaiser) O Right leaning and not a supporter of the Republic O Voted because people believed he would restore the monarchy or create a military-type regime O A.J. Nicholls – “he refused to betray the republic, but he did not rally people to its banner” President – directly elected Chancellor – chosen by the president. Usually the leader of the largest party The close election. What does it show about German society?

Foreign Policy O Stresemann O Recognized the German army was defeated, not stabbed in the back O Goal: restore Germany as a world power and Fulfilment O Conform to the T of V, but try to revise it O How: O use the power of the German economy O work with the French, who controlled the balance of power;

Foreign Policy O Use the Germany economy O Dawes Plan O Work with France and Europe O Locarno Pact 1. Accept the Western borders of Germany with France and Belgium, supported by England and Italy 2. Permanently de-militarize the Rhineland 3. Germany, Poland and Czechoslovakia will settle disputes peacefully O Significance – Germany is treated as equals with Europe, freed from isolation, France is less worried and less likely to ally with Eastern allies O 1926 – joins League of Nations O 1928 – sign Kellog-Briand Pact O 1929 – Rhineland is evacuated by the West and reparations reduced

Stresemann: Success or Failure Success Failure O E. Kolb – ‘astonishingly successful’ O J. Wright – ‘ Weimar’s greatest statesman’ O Walsdorff – Stresemann overestimated his ability to establish friendly relations & limits and slow pace resulted in dead ends + Polish problem not solved O Right-wing never accepted Fulfilment and broad support for his policies never materialized