Use the drug that kills the bug! “best guess” רבקה ברוקס מחלקת ילדים הר הצופים.

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Presentation transcript:

Use the drug that kills the bug! “best guess” רבקה ברוקס מחלקת ילדים הר הצופים

BUGS: Gram positive cocci: rods: Gram negative Anaerobes “others” DRUGS: β-latams: Aminoglycosides Azoles (metronidazole) Macrolides Others: Vancomycin Clindamycin Tetracycline Chloramphenicol, quinolones, sulphonamides penicillines cephalosporines gentamicin flagyl erythromycin Strep A B P, staph diphth, anthrax, clost. Listeria

על מה נדבר היום? BUGS: Staphylococcus auerus Pneumococcus Strep A DRUGS: β-latams Vancomycin Clindamycin Chloramphenicol

מנגנוני פעולה של אנטיביוטיקה פגיעה ביצירת דופן החיידק β lactams, vancomycin פגיעה בממברנה Nystatin, fluconazole, colistin פגיעה בסינתזת החלבונים Erythromycin, aminoglycosides (Gentamicin), Clindamycin Chloramphenicol, tetracycline, linezolid פגיעה במטבוליזם חומצות נוקלאיות Metronidazole, quinolones, rifampicin, sulphonamides

מנגנוני פעולה של אנטיביוטיקה - המשך Bacteriocidal β lactams, aminoglycosides, rifampicin Bacteriostatic Sulphonamides, Erythromycin, Clindamycin tetracyclines, chloramphenicol

β lactams Penicillins: 1. Narrow spectrum: : gram + (Strep A,B & P), meningo, anaer above diaph Cloxacillin (Orbenin): Staph aurus (β lactam pos = MSSA) 2. Broad spectrum: Ampicillin/Amoxycillin (Moxypen) above & some gram-: Haemoph (60%) 3. Clavulunic acid (Augmentin = C.A + Amoxycillin) above & beta lactamase (Haemoph 100%,Moraxela) & anaerobes Cephalosporines: Staph Strep gram - pseudomonas I (Cefazolin) II (Cefuroxime) III Ceftriaxone Ceftazidime beta-lactamase Penicillin

Pneumococcus penicillin Β-lactamase Penicillin high-dose PBP (Penicillin binding proteins) Vancomycin PBP (Penicillin binding proteins) עמידות חלקית עמידות מלאה X

Vancomycin Against cocci

Strep A Tonsillitis, Pneumonia, Sinusitis impetigo "החיידק הטורף" exotoxins Invasive Strep A Penicillin + Clindamycin דופן

Clindamycin נגד: Gram positive and anearobes (not against gram negative) יתרונות נגד טוקסינים חדירות מצוינת: אבצסים, עצמות וכד'

β lactams Penicillins: 1. Narrow spectrum: : gram + Strep (A,B & P), meningo, anaer above diaph Cloxacillin (Orbenin): Staph aurus - β lactam pos, MSSA 2. Broad spectrum: Ampicillin/Amoxycillin (Moxypen) above & some gram-: Haemoph, E.Coli 3. Clavulunic acid (Augmentin = C.A + Amoxycillin) above & beta lactamase & anaerobes Cephalosporines: Staph Strep gram - pseudomonas I (Cefazolin) II (Cefuroxime) III Ceftriaxone Ceftazidime beta-lactamase Penicillin

Staphylococcus aureus penicillin Β-lactamase Cloxacillin (=Methicillin) PBP (Penicillin binding proteins) Vancomycin MRSA MSSA