Chapter 9- The High Middle Ages Created by: Alexa Burgos, Jackie Woods, Maritza Gonzalez, and Samantha Quigley

Sec. 1-Growth of Royal Power in England and France  Exchequer- treasury  Common law- legal system based on custom and court rulings.  Jury- group of men sworn to speak the truth.  Monarchs in Europe stood at the head of society and had limited power.

English Rulers  Duke William- (England) Exerted firm control over his land; created the Domesday Book.  Henry II- (England) expanded the system royal justice, began jury system and created the common law.  John- (England) was excommunicated; allowed Magna Carta.  Edward I- (England) strengthened the Parliament.

French Rulers  Hugh Capet- (France) count of Paris; increased royal power- built an effective bureaucracy.  Philip II- (France) introduced a new national tax-most powerful ruler in Europe.  Louis IX- (France) was king and saint; expanded royal courts, outlawed private wars, and ended serfdom.  Philip IV- (France) tied to collect new taxes from clergy but the pope forbade him to; also extended royal government

Evolution of English Government  Norman Conquest(1066)-William of Normandy defeats Anglo- Saxons at Hastings.  Domesday Book(1086)- William I uses this survey as a basis for taxation.  Common Law(1160s-1180s)- Henry II lays foundation for English legal system.\  Magna Carta(1215)- John signs this document limiting royal power and extending rights.  Model Parliament(1295)- Edward I summons Parliament, which includes representatives of common people.

The holy roman empire and the church Section 2

The holy roman church  Otto I worked closely with the church.  He appointed bishops to the top government job.  Later, Otto’s successor took the title holy roman empire.

Struggle for Italy  Although the investiture struggle was over, new battles were soon raging between popes and emperors.  As holy roman emperor, Fredrick spent little time in Germany.  He pursued his ambitions in Italy instead.

The height of church power  Pope innocent III, who took office in 1198, embodied the triumph 0o0f the church.  As head church he claimed supremacy over all other rules.  After innocent's death popes continued to press their claim to supremacy.

Medieval universities Section 4

ACADEMIC GUILDS  In the 1100s schools sprung up around the great cathedrals to train the clergy.  The schools were organized like guilds with charters to protect the rights of members.  In the 1200s other cities rushed to organize universities.

Student life.  University life offered few comforts.  At 5am the bell would wake up the students.  A program of study covered the seven liberal arts: arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music, and etc

Women and education  Women were not allowed to attend universities.  Thy were deprived of mental stimulation.  Women had to peruse their natural ability at home.

philosophy  Ancient Greeks proceed a challenge.  Scholasticism-used to support christian belief.  Summa theological is a monumental work.

A time in crisis Section 5

The black death  Fleas jumped from rats to infest the clothes and packs of traders.  These fleas caused the spread of a serious disease

New heresies  The church was unable to provide leadership.  Reformers elected their own pope to rule Rome.

The hundredth year’s war English rulers battled for centuries to hold on to the French lands. Pride made it hard for each side to give up their struggle.