Chapter 18 Review

Organisms are divided into three groups, based on how they get energy: Producers Consumers Decomposers

____________ are organisms that eat other organisms Answer: consumers

Producer Producer makes its own food

There are three main types of consumers: Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores

An ________________ eats only plants herbivore

An __________________ eats both plants and animals. omnivore

A _________________ is a consumer that eats only animals. Answer: carnivore

A _________________ is an omnivore that eats remains of dead organisms. Answer: scavenger

Organisms that get energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms are ______________ Answer: decomposers

Predator and Prey Predator: Organism that kills and eats another organism Prey: Organism that is killed and eaten by another organism

symbiosis Relationship in which 2 organisms live in close association with each other

Competition 2 or more species trying to use the same resources

Mutualism Relationship between two species where both benefit Bee: gets nectar from flower ☺ Flower: Bee spreads pollen ☺

Biotic and Abiotic Biotic: Living factors in the environment Abiotic: Nonliving factors in the environment

A _________________ shows how energy in food flows from one organism to another Answer: food chain

A ________________ is a diagram of overlapping food chains Answer: food web

Biosphere The part of the earth where life exists

Ecology Study of interactions of living things and their environments

This food pyramid shows that there is little energy at the top Food Pyramid

Defensive Chemicals Chemicals used as defense by prey Poison Ivy