QOTD - NO MARK QUIZ 1. The number of deer in a forest is called… THE POPULATION THE POPULATION 2. Which does not belong? Sunshine, Water, Dirt or a rotting log? ROTTING LOG (Biotic) ROTTING LOG (Biotic) 3. This Can. Biome has the most acidic soil. BOREAL FOREST 4. The variety of living things is called… BIODIVERSITY 5. The process by which plants produce food is… PHOTOSYNTHESIS

ECOSYSTEMS 101 DECIDUOUS FOREST THE TUNDRA BOREAL FOREST GRASSLANDS Draw the climato-graph for each of these biomes!

Energy in an Ecosystem All living elements play a role in the functioning of an ecosystem. All living elements play a role in the functioning of an ecosystem. As energy flows through the ecosystem, it is passed from one organism to another. As energy flows through the ecosystem, it is passed from one organism to another. The energy coming into an ecosystem originates from the sun. The energy coming into an ecosystem originates from the sun.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Light C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Light C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 RAW MATERIALS PRODUCTS

CELLULAR RESPIRATION C 6 H 12 O6 + 6O 2 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 C 6 H 12 O6 + 6O 2 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 RAW MATERIALS PRODUCTS

Producers Capture energy from the sun and convert it to food energy (Photosynthesis). Capture energy from the sun and convert it to food energy (Photosynthesis). Plants use this food energy and soil nutrients to live and reproduce. Plants use this food energy and soil nutrients to live and reproduce. When plants are eaten, some of this energy is passed along. When plants are eaten, some of this energy is passed along.

Types of Consumers Consumers must eat to obtain their energy. Consumers must eat to obtain their energy. All animals are consumers All animals are consumers HERBIVORE

Types of Consumers CARNIVORE OMNIVORE

Types of Consumers SCAVENGERS

Decomposers After a consumer dies, nutrients are returned to the soil After a consumer dies, nutrients are returned to the soil Decomposers recycle nutrients back to producers by breaking down dead matter. Decomposers recycle nutrients back to producers by breaking down dead matter. Moulds and Bacteria finish the job! Moulds and Bacteria finish the job!

FOOD CHAIN OUCH! A connection of organisms showing the transfer of energy from one organism to the next.

Question… WHAT’S WRONG WITH JUST USING FOOD CHAINS TO DESCRIBE THE RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN ECOSYSTEMS? WHAT’S WRONG WITH JUST USING FOOD CHAINS TO DESCRIBE THE RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN ECOSYSTEMS? FOOD WEBS are more realistic! FOOD WEBS are more realistic!

TROPHIC LEVELS A way of categorizing living things according to how they gain their energy. A way of categorizing living things according to how they gain their energy. The 1 st trophic level contains Autotrophs (organisms that make their own food) The 1 st trophic level contains Autotrophs (organisms that make their own food) Each higher level contains Heterotrophs (eat others for energy) Each higher level contains Heterotrophs (eat others for energy)

TROPHIC LEVELS (Cont.) 1st 2nd 3rd 4th PRODUCERS (AUTOTROPHS) GRASS PRIMARY CONSUMERS INSECTS SECONDARY CONSUMERS SPARROW TERTIARY CONSUMERS HAWK – TOP CARNIVORE

TROPHIC LEVELS (Cont.)

TROPHIC LEVELS (Cont.)

ENERGY PYRAMIDS

How much energy is passed on to the next trophic level? 10%

YUM! I LOVE SEAFOOD! IT LOOKS LIKE OUR FRIEND MR. SNAKE IS STILL HUNGRY!