11 Population Growth Chapter 11 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
10 11 PHLOX WHOOPING CRANES POPULATION SIZE N = f (B, D, I, E)
Advertisements

Section 5 Professor Donald McFarlane
Population Dynamics Focus on births (B) & deaths (D)
Chapter 11 Population Growth
CHAPTER 52 POPULATION ECOLOGY Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section C: Population Growth 1.The exponential.
Population Dynamics and Growth. Population Dynamics Population distribution and abundance change through time – not static features, but ones that are.
Environmental Science Chapter 8 Lecture Notes
Population Ecology 1. Density and Distribution 2. Growth
1 Population Growth Chapter 11 Geometric Growth Exponential Growth Logistic Population Growth Limits to Population Growth Density Dependent Density Independent.
Changes in Population Size Text p Population Dynamics Populations always changing in size – Deaths, births Main determinants (measured per unit.
Chapter 6 Population Biology
C HAPTER 51 Population Ecology. E COLOGY B ASICS Terms to know… Ecology Branch of biology Relatively new science Biotic factors Abiotic factors Environmental.
Measuring and Modeling Population Changes Homework: p664 #1, p 665 #2, and p 668 #3,4.
Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece.
This WEEK: Lab: last 1/2 of manuscript due Lab VII Life Table for Human Pop Bring calculator! Will complete Homework 8 in lab Next WEEK: Homework 9 = Pop.
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Population Ecology.
Population Growth and Regulation
1 Chapter 11 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Population Ecology 4 CHAPTER
Population Growth What factors limit the growth of populations?
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Population ecology is the study of populations in relation to environment,
1 1 Population Growth Chapter Outline Geometric Growth Exponential Growth Logistic Population Growth Limits to Population Growth  Density Dependent.
Measuring and Modelling Population Changes
Population Growth (Ch. 11). Population Growth 1) Geometric growth 2) Exponential growth 3) Logistic growth.
Population Growth Exponential and Logistic IB Environmental Studies 2004 – Darrel Holnes.
Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Population Ecology Definitions Population growth Population regulation Environmental.
Population Dynamics – Growth Rates Chapter 4. Learning Targets I can… 1. Explain the concept of carrying capacity 2. Model how limiting factors and organism.
Population Growth December 7, 2010 Text p
Lecture – Populations Properties Estimation of Size Population Growth.
54 Fluctuations in Population Densities Exponential growth can be represented mathematically:  N/  t = (b – d)N  N = the change in number of individuals.
September Club Meeting Thursday, Sept. 16 7:30pm English Building Room 104 “To foster respect and compassion for all living things, to promote understanding.
Population Dynamics Focus on births (B) & deaths (D) B = bN t, where b = per capita rate (births per individual per time) D = dN t  N = bN t – dN t =
Fall 2009 IB Workshop Series sponsored by IB academic advisors IB Opportunities in C-U Tuesday, Sept. 15 4:00-5:00pm 135 Burrill There are many local opportunities.
10 11 PHLOX POPULATION GROWTH RATE dN = f (B, D, I, E) dt.
1 Population Growth Chapter 9. 2 Outline Geometric Growth Exponential Growth Logistic Population Growth Limits to Population Growth  Density Dependent.
ECOLOGY MATH. 1)Population density = # of members/unit of area.
Population Growth Models: Geometric and Exponential Growth Geometric Growth Exponential Growth.
Changes in Population Size. Population Dynamics Populations always changing in size – Deaths, births Main determinants (measured per unit time): – Natality.
Ecology 2b- Population Growth & Limiting Factors.
Measuring and Modelling Population Change. Fecundity Fecundity Fecundity - the potential for a species to produce offspring in one lifetime  this relates.
Measuring and Modeling Population Changes
POPULATION GROWTH. What is a population? A group of organism of the same species living in the same habitat at the same time where they can freely interbreed.
1 Population Growth Chapter Outline Geometric Growth Exponential Growth Logistic Population Growth Limits to Population Growth  Density Dependent.
Populations: Regulation Ruesink Lecture 5 Biology 356.
4.3 Population Growth.
POPULATION SIZE PHLOX 11 N = f (B, D, I, E) 10.
BIOL 4120: Principles of Ecology Lecture 11: Intraspecific Population Regulation Dafeng Hui Office: Harned Hall 320 Phone:
CHAPTER5 SECTION 1 SC B-6: The student will demonstrate understanding of the interrelationships among different organisms & the biotic & abiotic components.
14.4 Population and Growth Patterns Populations grow in predictable patterns and is always changing.
Background Information. What is a Limiting Factor? Limiting Factors are… (two similar definitions) conditions of the environment that limit the growth.
Ecology (BIO C322) Population Ecology (cont’d). Concepts of Rate Population a changing entity  Population dynamics. N = Number of organisms; t = time.
 Carrying Capacity: Maximum number of organisms that can be sustained by available resources over a given period of time  Is dynamic as environmental.
1 Population Growth Chapter 11 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Population Ecology Honors Biology Ms. Day Lecture #46.
X X Population size or Density Births
the number of individuals per unit area
Population Growth, Limiting Factors & Carrying Capacity
Population Dynamics 1950.
POPULATION GROWTH © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS.
How Populations Grow 1. What are 3 important characteristics of a population? 2. What is population density? 3. What 3 factors affect population size?
Measuring and Modeling Population Changes
Mathematics of Population Growth
Population Ecology Chapter 45.
Changes in Population Sizes
Population Growth Chapter 11
Measuring and Modeling Population Changes
Measuring and Modelling Population Changes
Changes in Population Size
CHAPTER 52 POPULATION ECOLOGY Section C: Population Growth
Presentation transcript:

11 Population Growth Chapter 11 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

22 Geometric Growth When generations do not overlap, growth can be modeled geometrically. N t = N o λ t – N t = Number of individuals at time t. – N o = Initial number of individuals. – λ (lambda) = Geometric rate of increase. – t = Number of time intervals or generations.

33 Exponential Growth Continuous population growth in an unlimited environment can be modeled exponentially. dN / dt = r max N  dN = change in number  dt = change in time  r max = per capita rate increase  N = Population size Rate of population growth

44 Exponential Growth dN / dt = r max N Appropriate for populations with overlapping generations. – As population size (N) increases, rate of population increase (dN/dt) gets larger. Which variable above would best represent the “Intrinsic rate of increase”?

55 Exponential Growth For an exponentially growing population, size at any time can be calculated as: N t = N o er max t N t = Number individuals at time t. N 0 = Initial number of individuals. e = Base of natural logarithms. r max = Per capita rate of increase. t = Number of time intervals.

66 Exponential Population Growth

77 Logistic Population Growth

88 As resources are depleted, population growth rate slows and eventually stops: logistic population growth. – Sigmoid (S-shaped) population growth curve. – Carrying capacity (K) is the number of individuals of a population the environment can support. Finite amount of resources can only support a finite number of individuals.

99 Logistic Population Growth

10 Logistic Population Growth dN/dt = r max N(1-N/K) r max = Maximum per capita rate of increase under ideal conditions. When N nears K, the right side of the equation nears zero. – As population size increases, logistic growth rate becomes a small fraction of growth rate. Highest when N=K/2. N/K = Environmental resistance.

11 Limits to Population Growth Environment limits population growth by altering birth and death rates. – Density-dependent factors?!? – – Density-independent factors?!? –

12 Galapagos Finch Population Growth Boag and Grant - Geospiza fortis was numerically dominant finch (1,200). After drought of 1977, population fell to (180). Food plants failed to produce seed crop x normal rainfall caused population to grow (1,100) due to abundance of seeds and caterpillars.

13 Galapagos Finch Population Growth

14 Cactus Finches and Cactus Reproduction Grant and Grant documented several ways finches utilized cacti: – Open flower buds in dry season to eat pollen – Consume nectar and pollen from mature flowers – Eat seed coating (aril) – Eat seeds – Eat insects from rotting cactus pads

15 Cactus Finches and Cactus Reproduction Finches tend to destroy stigmas, thus flowers cannot be fertilized. – Wet season activity may reduce seeds available to finches during the dry season. – Opuntia helleri main source for cactus finches. Negatively impacted by El Nino (1983). – Stigma snapping delayed recovery. » Interplay of biotic and abiotic factors.

16