Intro to the Periodic Table Periodic Trends Graphing Activity

Objective – Today I will be able to: Explain why different families on the periodic table have similar properties Evaluation/ Assessment – Informal assessment – Listening to group interactions and discussions as they color and complete the practice sheet – Formal Assessment – Analyzing student responses to the exit ticket and practice worksheet

Lesson Sequence Engage: Warm – Up Engage: Coloring the Periodic Table Explain: Introduction to the periodic table notes Elaborate: Periodic Table WS – Evaluate: Exit ticket

Warm - Up What is the most stable family on the periodic table? Why is this family the most stable? What families contain the most reactive elements on the periodic table?

Objective Today I will be able to: – Explain why different families on the periodic table have similar properties

Homework Complete the backside of the Coloring the Periodic Table packet Turn in the Reading the Periodic Table worksheet

Agenda Warm – Up Alkali Metals Video Introduction to the Periodic Table Notes Recreating the Periodic Table History of the Table Exit ticket

Reactivity of Metals Watch the video clip that Mr. Klotz plays and think about these questions: – What families contain the most reactive elements on the periodic table? – Why are they the most reactive elements?

Intro to the Periodic Table Notes

What are the names of the columns and rows on the periodic table?

Families vs. Periods Families = columns – Families have similar properties - There are 18 families Periods = horizontal rows - There are 7 periods

There are two ways to number the periodic table:

What is the difference between a metal and a nonmetal?

Metals vs. Nonmetals Found to the left of the “zig-zag” line on the Periodic Table Properties of Metals - Luster: shine - Malleable: can be hammered into sheets - Ductile: can be drawn into a wire - Good conductors – allow heat and electricity to pass through Non-metals and noble gases are found to the right of the “zig-zag” line Their properties are the opposite of metals

Families on the periodic table have similar properties Example: Alkali Metals – Soft – Cut with a knife – Highly Reactive

Why do the families of elements have similar properties?

Valence Electrons Elements in the same family have the same number of valence electrons Impacts how they bond and why they have similar properties

Metalloids (Semi-Metals) Most of the elements touching the zig-zag line B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, and At They have similar properties of metals and some properties of non-metals

Periodic Table Activity Recreating the periodic table

Periodic Table Activity Directions Work with your row to complete the activity Arrange the known elements on the cards into the order of the periodic table – Place them in the families and periods they are found in Place the unknown’s in their spot based on the properties of the elements

Discussion 1.What process did you use to arrange your unknowns on the periodic table? 2.Did some properties help determine the unknowns more than others? 3.Were there any exceptions with the elements?

Answers UnknownElement 1Mg 2F 3Rb 4Kr 5S 6Ge 7Sb

History of the Periodic Table

Johann Dobereiner (1829) Law of Triads - in triads of elements the middle element has properties that are an average of the other two members when ordered by the atomic weight Examples: – halogen triad composed of chlorine, bromine, and iodine – Alkali triad composed of lithium, sodium, and potassium

John Newlands (1864) Law of Octaves - states that any given element will exhibit analogous behavior to the eighth element following it in the periodic table

Dmitri Mendeleev (1871) Developed the first Periodic Table He arranged his table so that elements in the same column (groups) have similar properties; increasing atomic mass

Dmitri Mendeleev (1871) Broke the trend of arranging elements solely by their atomic mass Wanted to keep elements with similar properties in the same columns Left gaps in his early tables; predicted elements that had not been discovered would fill in those gaps - Ekasilicon  Germanium - Germanium was discovered in 1886

Henry Moseley (1913) Periodic Law - when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, their physical and chemical properties show a periodic (repeating) pattern The periodic law is the basis for arranging elements in the periodic table

Glenn Seaborg He reconfigured the periodic table by placing the actinide series below the lanthanide series Awarded a Nobel Prize in 1951 Element 106, Seaborgium (Sg), is named in his honor

Exit Ticket The Mole Refresher! How many moles of Au are in 2.24 x atoms of Au?