CRIEPI/Japan Utility Visit Paul M. Grant Strategic Science & Technology 26 March 1998

New EPRI Organization

New SS&T Organization

SS&T Program Structure ($38 M/yr) n Legacy –Superconducting Cable –EPRI/DARPA APE Initiative n Spot –Individual Outstanding Projects n Strategic Initiatives –Goal-oriented blended advanced technology programs

Legacy -- Examples n Pirelli/EPRI/ASC/DECO/DOE Substation Cable Demonstration –120 m, 3 , 26 kV, 2 kA rms, $6 M, 3 years n ASC/EPRI Coated Conductor Alliance –Deformation textured, MOD buffer/YBCO, $14 M, 4 years n EPRI/DARPA Advanced PE Alliance –SiC, GaN, Diamond devices, kV, 2-5 kA, $11 M, 3 years

Strategic Initiatives -- Examples n Future Power/Information Corridor –Underground (2 m dia tunnel, 50 m deep) –Use Overhead ROW –LVDC HTSC (50 kV, 50 kA) –Fiber Optics –CH 4, Hydrogen –Parcel Delivery

Strategic Initiatives -- Examples n Advanced Coal-Fired Generation –CGCC –6-12 pole HTSC Rotors –HTSC Busses –HTSC Transformers

Storage in a Re-regulated Electric Utility Industry

SMES Definitions 1 MJ = 0.28 kWh

SMES Applications

CH 4 : Monthly Price Fluctuations

5 GWh SMES

µSMES (1-10 MJ { kWh}) n “Local” Power Quality n SI/ASC, IGC ($700 - $900 K) n 17 units installed in US (1-3 MJ) n 1 unit abroad (ESKOM) n US Market ???? Abroad ? n Possible Military Opportunity

“The SokPlot”

Time C/P ($/kA×m) Substation Elimination SMES/FCL/Transformers 70% New UG Cables Wire C/P Market Entry Threshold

n Assumptions/Costs –Tape Dimensions: 5 mm  0.5 mm –50% HTSC Fill Factor –I C = 100 A –Ag Cost = $0.153/gm n Ag C/P = $20/kA  m BSCCO OPIT/Ag : Ag Component, C/P

J C Paths in BSCCO OPIT/Ag U. Wisconsin

E = aJ n n = 15 T = 77 K E = 1  V/cm BSCCO OPIT/Ag: E-J Characteristic

L R(I) I(t) bIL dI dt 0 I(t) b(n1) L (tt)I n 00 1n 1 1n             Solenoid Loop Current: t > t 0

Persistent Current Decay E-011.0E+011.0E+031.0E+051.0E+07 t (sec) I (A) B = 0.50 T B = 0.25 T 12 Days “Persistent” Current Decay

EPRI Advanced Energy Storage n Assess C/P potential of HTSC coated conductors for SMES n Address scale-up to FACTS level devices (10 MW, 10 kWh units) n Identify demonstration sites