TWC A use case-driven iterative method for building a provenance-aware GCIS ontology Xiaogang Ma a, Jin Guang Zheng a, Justin Goldstein b,c, Linyun Fu a, Steve Aulenbach b,c, Curt Tilmes c,d, Peter Fox a a Tetherless World Constellation, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute b University Corporation for Atmospheric Research c U.S. Global Change Research Program, Washington d NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

TWC Who we are Global Change Information System: Information Model and Semantic Application Prototypes (GCIS-IMSAP) Working group: Brian Duggan Peter Fox Justin Goldstein Curt TilmesXiaogang Ma Steve Aulenbach Jin G Zheng Stephan ZednikAnne WapleAna P Privette Chengchong Du Jun Xu Anusha Akkiraju Aaron Smith … Linyun Fu

TWC Where are we National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) Committee on Environment, Natural Resources and Sustainability (CENRC) Subcommittee on Global Change Research (SGCR) U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) National Climate Assessment (NCA) Global Change Information System (GCIS) GCIS: Information Model and Semantic Application Prototypes (GCIS-IMSAP) National Climate Assessment Development Advisory Committee (NCADAC)

TWC What we do The ongoing research concentrates on the provenance for the NCA3 report. In the future, the GCIS will collect and link records of publications, datasets, instruments, organizations, methods, people, etc. eventually covering provenance information for the entire scope of global change.

TWC Semantic Web methodology and technology development process (Fox and McGuiness, 2008) Source: Our method

TWC Source: Identifies questions to be asked, resources to be used to answer the questions, and methods to be used to determine the answer. Use case template:

TWC Source: A facilitator: set and monitor direction, provide guidance for scoping the use case and timeline for implementation. Team formation: domain experts, data and information producers, knowledge and information modelers, software engineers, and a scribe.

TWC Check the source document for more details: For example, Group meeting: Titanpad, Skpye, GotoMeeting Conceptual modeler: CMap Ontology editor: Protege, Notepad++, Evolution environments: TopBraid Validators/checkers: Epimorphics Linked Data API (ELDA)

TWC Our first use case Visit data center website of dataset used to generate a report figure A viewer wishes to identify the source of the data in a particular NCA3 figure. A reference to the paper in which the figure was originally published in appears in the figure caption. Clicking that reference displays a page of information about the paper, including a link to the datasets used in the paper. Following each of those links presents a page of information about the dataset, including links back to the agency/data center web page describing the dataset in more detail and making the actual data available for order or download. 9

TWC Our first use case Visit data center website of dataset used to generate a report figure A viewer wishes to identify the source of the data in a particular NCA3 figure. A reference to the paper in which the figure was originally published in appears in the figure caption. Clicking that reference displays a page of information about the paper, including a link to the datasets used in the paper. Following each of those links presents a page of information about the dataset, including links back to the agency/data center web page describing the dataset in more detail and making the actual data available for order or download.

TWC Our second use case Roles of people in the generation of a chapter in the NCA3 draft report A reader sees that Chapter 6 (Agriculture) in the NCA3 draft report was written by a list of authors. On the title page of that chapter the reader can see the role of each author, i.e., convening lead author, lead author or contributing author, in the generation of this report chapter. We decided to use the PROV-O ontology to describe this use case

TWC The three Starting Point classes in PROV-O ontology and the properties that relate them Source:

TWC Mapping the use case into PROV-O Authors of Chapter 6 Chapter 6 in NCA3 Writing of Chapter 6 in NCA3 isA

TWC Roles of agents in an activity in PROV-O

TWC Map roles of chapter authors into PROV-O Writing of Chapter 6 in NCA3 isA Authors of Chapter 6 isA Convening lead author Lead author Contributing author isA

TWC Roles of people in the writing of chapter 6 (Agriculture) in NCA3 – starts from Chapter 6 writing as an activity Here just three of the eight authors are shown. Each author had a specific role for this chapter. USE CASE 2

TWC We can also use PROV-O to describe roles of agents for an entity We used PROV-O for describing roles of agents in an activity

TWC Roles of people in the writing of chapter 6 (Agriculture) in NCA3 – starts from Chapter 6 as an entity Here just three of the eight authors are shown. Each author had a specific role for this chapter. USE CASE 2

TWC Our third use case Provenance tracing of NASA contributions to Figure 1.2 in NCA3 draft report A reader sees that Figure 1.2 “Sea Level Rise: Past, Present and Future” of the NCA3 draft report cites four data sources in the figure caption. Selecting the third citation displays a page of information about the paper and a citation to the dataset used in the paper. Clicking the citation link the reader opens a page containing information about the dataset, including a description that the dataset is derived from data produced by the TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason altimeter missions funded by NASA and CNES. Following each of these missions presents a page about the platforms, instruments and sensors in that mission. 19

TWC Provenance tracing of NASA contributions to Figure 1.2 “Sea Level Rise: Past, Present and Future” in NCA3 USE CASE 3

TWC We have had and will have more use cases… 21

TWC Primary classes and relationships in current version of the GCIS ontology Current result

TWC Map to PROV-O ontology Current result

TWC Map to PROV-O ontology Current result

TWC Wrap up An use case-driven iterative method for ontology engineering In GCIS ontology works: –Re-use existing ontologies and schemas: dctype, dcterms, bibo, org, foaf, etc. –Map to PROV-O ontology

TWC More information: Xiaogang (Marshall) Ma Thank you!