2 Functional Properties of Neurons 1. Irritability Ability to respond to stimuli 2. Conductivity Ability to transmit an impulse.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Topic Nerves.
Advertisements

Nerve Impulses and Reflex Arcs
Nerves, hormones and homeostasis
The Electrical Nature of Nerves
Nervous System Lecture (Day 2: How Nerve Impulses are Conducted)
بسم اللة الرحمن الرحيم Muscle and neuron as excitable tissue.
Figure 48.1 Overview of a vertebrate nervous system.
HOW MESSAGES ARE SENT.  It is a message travelling down a neuron  The message comes from:  Another neuron or  A sensory receptor  A nerve impulse.
Pages  /student_view0/chapter14/animatio n__the_nerve_impulse.html
Synaptic Signaling & The Action Potential
Your Nervous System. Engage Lorenzo’s Oil Discussion Lorenzo’s Oil Discussion.
Chapter 48.  Short distance communication ◦ Synapses between cells  Neurotransmitters.
Nerve Impulse. A nerve impulse is an impulse from another nerve or a stimulus from a nerve receptor. A nerve impulse causes:  The permeability of the.
Nerve Impulse. A nerve impulse is an impulse from another nerve or a stimulus from a nerve receptor. A nerve impulse causes:  The permeability of the.
Unit 1B: Nerve Impulses and Synapses. Nerve Impulse A neuron’s job is to transmit a message to a muscle, gland, or another neuron The message travels.
ACTION POTENTIALS Chapter 11 Part 2 HONORS ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY.
8.2 Structures and Processes of the Nervous System
End Show Slide 1 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35-2 The Nervous System.
Structures and Processes of the Nervous System – Part 2
How signals are sent through the nervous system. Synapse  Synapse = Junction between two connecting neurons Synaptic cleft-between the neurons, signal.
Chapter 17 The nervous system.
(Neuro)Glial cells- why are they important?
Nerve Impulses.
Action Potential revisited When a stimulus reaches threshold level, Sodium channels open up and Sodium rushes into the axon along the concentration gradient.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Functional Properties of Neurons  Irritability  Ability to respond to stimuli.
Structure & Function
Functions of Neurons Resting & Action Potential Synapses.
The Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System Figure 7.1.
Nervous Systems Three Main Functions: 1. Sensory Input 2. Integration 3. Motor Output.
Nervous System Notes Part 4. Neurons do not under go mitosis. Neurons are the largest cells in the human body. They can be up to 3 feet long. SOME MORE.
The Action Potential. Four Signals Within the Neuron  Input signal – occurs at sensor or at points where dendrites are touched by other neurons.  Integration.
Chapter 35-2 Nervous System.
NERVE IMPULSE TRANSMISSION  nerve cells are like no other cell in the body because they possess an electrical charge  the axon of a neuron has a cell.
Electrochemical Impulses
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Objective 4 Outline the steps of a nerve impulse, and its conduction from one.
Chapter 35-1: Human Body Systems Essential Question: How does the human body maintain homeostasis?
Chapter 49 Table of Contents Section 1 Neurons and Nerve Impulses.
Upload 9.06 Nerve Impulse Notes to eBackpack
Afferent Nerves Efferent Nerves cell body: cell body: central part of cell; contains the nucleus axon: axon: long slender extension from cell body; used.
Neuron structure Neurons all have same basic structure, a cell body with a number of dendrites and one long axon.
Neurons and Synapses 6.5. The Nervous System Composed of cells called neurons. These are typically elongated cells that can carry electrical impulses.
Nervous System
Axons and Nerve Impulses  Axons end in axonal terminals  Axonal terminals contain vesicles with neurotransmitters which are biological messenger molecules.
Neuron.
Nervous System Nerve Impulses.
Nervous System Notes Part 4
Upload 9.06 Nerve Impulse Notes to eBackpack
Synaptic Signaling & The Action Potential
Nerve Signals 11.2 (Image from:
Nerve cell membrane Electrochemical message is created by the movement of ions across the nerve cell membrane The resting nerve membrane has a electrical.
I cdnuolt blveiee that I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd what I was rdanieg
THE NERVE.
Nerve Impulse Conduction
Neuron Function.
Nerve Impulses.
Warm Up What is actually occurring inside the cell when a neuron has an “impulse” traveling through it?
Cell Communication.
2 Functional Properties of Neurons
Nerve Impulses.
Nerve Cell Structure and Function
Cell Communication: Neuron.
Electrochemical Gradient Causing an Action Potential
Neuron Cell Body Location
Notes Ch. 10c Nervous System 1
Neurons & the Action Potential
NERVE IMPULSE.
Biology 12 Neuron Function.
Structure and Physiology of Neurons
How do nerves transmit signals and communicate?
Action Potential Terms
Presentation transcript:

2 Functional Properties of Neurons 1. Irritability Ability to respond to stimuli 2. Conductivity Ability to transmit an impulse

How neurons communicate Action Potential electrical signal that travels on the membrane of a neuron based on movements of ions between the outside and inside of the cell

Steps to a Nerve Impulse Polarized: Resting neuron Inside membrane is slightly – Outside membrane is slightly + Most membrane channels are closed, there is some normal diffusion of K+ or Na+ between cell and the environment through the sodium/potassium pump (active transport) Stimulus Occurs: Depolarization: Active Neuron Sodium (Na+) channels open allowing Na+ to diffuse into the cell quickly This causes the inside to become + (outside -) Repolarize: Normalizing K+ gates open in order to allow K+ to diffuse out of the cell – this restores the membrane (+ outside, - inside)

Nerve Impulses Figure 7.9a–b

If the stimulus reaches threshold then an action potential is started in the neuron and will travel down the membrane (This is called a nerve impulse) This is the ALL or NONE PRINCIPLE.

Nerve Impulses Refractory Period K+ must be moved back to the inside of the cell and Na+ must be pumped out of the cell in order to prepare for the next impulse The sodium-potassium pump ( a membrane channel), using ATP, restores the original configuration

Nerve Impulses Figure 7.9e–f

Nerve Impulses Figure 7.9c–d

Simple Video showing Action Potential al_short.swf al_short.swf Long, but good explanation of Action Potential

Transmission of a Signal at Synapses Impulses are able to cross the synapse to another nerve Neurotransmitter is released from a presynaptic nerve’s axon terminal hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/ /120068/bio02.swf::Endocytosis%20and%20Exocytosis The dendrite of the next neuron has receptors that are stimulated by the neurotransmitter An action potential is started in the post-synaptic dendrite