English I Honors—September 15, 2015 Daily Warm-up: Look back at the analogies from Friday, and answer the following questions: 1. Which of the analogies most appeals to you? Why? 2. How effective might each be as evidence to support a claim about education? 3. Which quote do you think is the most persuasive? Why? 4. If someone were arguing that education gives you an open mind and more opportunities, which of these analogies would support the claim? “ Education is not the filling of a bucket but the lighting of a fire.” - William Butler Yeats “The highest result of education is tolerance.” - Helen Keller “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world” - Nelson Mandela “Education is our passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to the people who prepare for it today.” - Malcolm X “Prejudices, it is well known, are most difficult to eradicate from the heart whose soil has never loosened or fertilized by education; they grow there, firm as weeds among stones.” - Charlotte Bronte

Lesson 9 Vocabulary blighted—v. spoiled, harmed, or destroyed incomprehensible—adj. not able to be understood; not intelligible serene—adj. calm, peaceful and untroubled; tranquil bemused—adj. puzzled, confused, or bewildered. ephemeral—adj. lasting for a very short time

Lesson 9 Vocabulary ambivalence—n. the state of having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone. lament—v. mourn (a person’s loss or death). nostalgia—n. a sentimental longing or wistful affection for the past, typically for a period or place with happy personal associations. vibrant—adj. full of energy and enthusiasm. reminiscent—adj. suggesting something by resemblance.

Lesson 10 Vocabulary millennium: n. a period of a thousand years millipede: n. a myriapod invertebrate with an elongated body composed of many segments, most of which bear two pairs of legs. millionaire: n. a person whose assets are worth one million dollars or more. millefleurs: n. a pattern of flowers and leaves used in tapestry, on porcelain, or in other decorative items. millisecond: n. one thousandth of a second

Lesson 10 Vocabulary milligram: n. one thousandth of a gram. milliliter: n. one thousandth of a liter mile: n. a unit of linear measure equal to 5,280 feet, or 1,760 yards  millimeter: n. one thousandth of a meter milestone: n. a stone set up beside a road to mark the distance in miles to a particular place; an action or event marking a significant change or stage in development.

Unit 1 EA2— Writing an Argumentative Essay Your assignment is to write an essay of argumentation about the value of a college education. Your essay must be organized as an argument in which you assert a precise claim, support it with reasons and evidence, and acknowledge and refute counterclaims.

Unit 1 EA2— Writing an Argumentative Essay Skills and Knowledge: Write a well-developed introduction with appropriate background, a clear explanation of the issue, a claim, and a thesis. Present body paragraphs that strongly support the central claim with relevant details. Summarize counterclaims and clearly refute them with relevant reasoning and evidence. Conclude by clearly summarizing the main points and providing logical suggestions. Follow a clear organizational structure with a logical progression of ideas and effective transitions that move the reader through the text. Integrate credible source material into the text (with accurate citations) smoothly. Use a formal writing style and correct spelling, with excellent command of standard English conventions.

ANALOGY—An analogy is a comparison between two things for the purpose of drawing conclusions on one based on it’s similarites to the other. Figurative Analogy - Compares two unlike things because of a single shared characteristic (Metaphor or Simile) “Her hair was as yellow as the sun” Literal Analogy - Compares two significantly similar things Judges often compare current cases to previous rulings (case precedents)

Quotes: Paraphrase & Identify Analogy “ Education is not the filling of a bucket but the lighting of a fire.” - William Butler Yeats “The highest result of education is tolerance.” - Helen Keller “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world” - Nelson Mandela

Quotes: Paraphrase & Identify Analogy “Education is our passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to the people who prepare for it today.” - Malcolm X “Prejudices, it is well known, are most difficult to eradicate from the heart whose soil has never loosened or fertilized by education; they grow there, firm as weeds among stones.” - Charlotte Bronte

Before Reading In the video “Five Ways Ed Pays,” greater wealth was given as one of the benefits of a college education. How would your career choices and potential earnings be affected by having a college degree?

New school year, old story: Education pays Hook: Claim: Support: Counterclaim/Concession: Call to Action: Source:

New school year, old story: Education pays Hook: “Wondering if your studies will pay off? Recent data from the BLS suggest that they will.” Claim: “As past studies have shown, as workers’ level of education increases, their earnings rise and unemployment rates fall. Support: The chart shows data which indicates that higher education leads to more pay and lower unemployment rates. Counterclaim/Concession: There are financial drawbacks. Students often forego a paycheck/take out student loans. Call to action: Students who take out loans should consider the amount they will be obligated to repay. Source: BLS, current population survey.

Check Your Understanding Describe what makes a claim persuasive. Then, choose one of the benefits given in the video “Five Ways Ed Pays”—other than greater wealth—and write a claim for that benefit.

Rhetorical Appeals Rhetorical appeals: emotional, ethical, and logical appeals used to persuade and audience to agree with the writer or speaker. Logos is a rhetorical appeal to reason or logic. Ethos is a rhetorical appeal that focuses on the character or qualifications of the speaker. Pathos is a rhetorical appeal to the reader’s or listner’s senses or emotions. You return home late from a friend’s house and your parents confront you. How could you use logos, ethos, and pathos to talk your way out of trouble?

Rhetorical Triangle Logos Offers debatable thesis statement Presents logical organization Provides detail and development Establishes evidence and support Pathos Appeals to shared values of audience Draws on strong imagery to appeal to emotions Avoids manipulative use of emotional references Ethos Establishes credibility through logical and reasonable support, evidence, and research Presents and fairly refutes at least one opposing argument Maintains a reasonable tone Incorporates credible and reliable scholarly sources Indicates where source information begins and ends in the text Avoids inflammatory language and logical fallacies When crafting an ARGUMENT, writers must strike a balance between the three rhetorical appeals. To sway readers, writers must: Present a logical argument Establish their own credibility. Show readers why they should care about the issue or concept The rhetorical appeals help writers accomplish these goals. Logos: Text—What information, evidence, and logical reasoning are offered within the text? Pathos: Audience—What values, beliefs, and emotions are appealed to within the text? How does the text evoke the audience’s feelings? Ethos: Speaker—What perception of the speaker is created within the text? How does the text evoke the audience’s trust?

Address to America’s School Children As you read the speech, mark the text for the following: the claim and any counterclaims addressed Examples of ethos, pathos, and logos anaphora (repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, clauses, or sentences) and rhetorical questions.

Address to America’s School Children claim—a clear and straightforward statement of the writer’s belief about the topic of the argument. What is Obama’s claim? counterclaim—arguments made by the opposing side What are the counterclaims? refute—prove to be wrong or false How does he refute the counterclaims? logos—appeal to reason or logic ethos—appeal that focuses on the character or qualifications of the speaker pathos—appeals to the emotions anaphora—repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, clauses, or sentences rhetorical questions—a question that is asked for effect or one in which the answer is obvious

Stop and SMELL the rhetoric! Sender-Receiver Relationship: President Obama (sender) gives his speech to the students of America (receiver). He tries to relate and connect to the students by giving illustrations that show he can empathize with the students. Message: President Obama urges students to try hard in school. He argues that it is a responsibility and will pay off both for the students and country if everyone tries their best. He acknowledges that it can be hard to do well, but he makes the case that by working hard everyone can contribute to the “story of America”. Emotional Strategies: Stories of students and celebrities and personal stories to illustrate that people can overcome hardships and be successful. Logical Strategies: He doesn’t use statistics or data, but he does make logical statements—you don’t know what you can do until you try it. Language: President Obama uses an informal voice, but formal rhetorical strategies. He uses illustrative examples to evoke images of success.

Commercial Project: Find 3 commercials: 1 example for each rhetorical appeal: logos (logic), ethos (credibility), pathos (emotion) Identify the call to action in each commercial Summarize what happens in each Explain how each commercial exemplifies the rhetorical appeal