Tour of the Cell. What the cell??! Basic unit of life 3.8 BYA Coacervates  prokaryotes  eukaryotes Von Leuwenhoek, Hooke, Schleiden, Virchowr.

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Presentation transcript:

Tour of the Cell

What the cell??! Basic unit of life 3.8 BYA Coacervates  prokaryotes  eukaryotes Von Leuwenhoek, Hooke, Schleiden, Virchowr Microscopes & resolution

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells compared Figure 4.4x5

PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL

Cell diversity many sizes many shapes to suit their function Stem cells are “pluripotent” – can differentiate to become anything embryonic vs. adult

Cell Theory All living things are made of cells Cells are basic unit of life All cells come from pre- existing cells

All cells… Plasma or Cell membrane Boundary for cell, cellular communication, cell attachment & support; cell metabolism Cytoplasm Site of most cellular metabolism Within membrane; within organelles DNA Ribosomes to follow the directions

Nucleus Genetic control center Chromatin held on chromosomes Nucleolus Makes ribosomes

Boundary “Interface” between the inside world and the outside world of the cell Semi-permeable fluid mosaic model Acts as doors and windows to the cell Cell membrane

Cell membrane proteins function Markers - ID tags for recognition Transport channels for big molecules Cell surface receptors – “antennae” of the cell Enzymes – catalysts Cell adhesion – cell to cell to form tissues Scaffolding support – cytoskeleton attachment

cell communication & junctions Cell wall & cell membrane Plasmodesmata & Gap junctions – channels b/t cells Extracellular matrix – glycoprotein “glue” cell adhesion to form tissues Tight Junctions Anchoring junctions

Organelles (found only in Eukaryotes) Organelles “organize” the cell “little organs” Allow for specialization more efficient work Membrane bound

Endomembrane System System of cellular connection & communication Formed from eukaryotic “infolding” of cell membrane Help to further compartmentalize the cellular activities Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Vacuoles

Compare Animal & Plant cell Animal cells No cell wall Few vacuoles Nucleus centered No plastids Plant cells Cell wall Large central vacuole Nucleus pushed to side Plastids Spherosomes instead of lysosomes

Chloroplasts in plant cells Figure 4.5Bx2

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