Small membrane-bound structures located within the eukaryotic cell that each have a specific function.

Has a few different organelles than an animal cell. A plant cell has a cell wall. A plant cell has chloroplasts. A plant cell has a vacuole.

An inflexible barrier that protects a plant cell and gives it support. Composed of cellulose. Allows materials to enter, but it is not selective like the plasma membrane.

Capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis. Has a double membrane. Inside the membranes, the thylakoid are arranged in stacks called grana. The grana is surrounded by a fluid called stroma. The thylakoid gain energy from trapped sunlight. Chloroplasts contain the green pigment, chlorophyll, which gives plants their green color.

Only found in plant cells. Located in the cytoplasm. Temporary storage containers. Store water, food, enzymes, & other materials needed by the cell. Some vacuoles store waste products.

Does not have a cell wall. Does not have chloroplasts. Has Lysosomes.

Contain digestive enzymes. Digests excess or worn out organelles, food particles, bacteria, & viruses. Has a membrane to protect the rest of the cell from the strong digestive enzymes.

Made of a phospholipid bilayer - the outside is water soluble & the inside is water insoluble Creates a barrier for the cell Selectively permeable – allows only certain things in and certain things out

Contains the genetic info (DNA) in the form of chromatin or chromosomes. Contains the nucleolus which makes ribosomes for the entire cell. Nuclear envelope is a double membrane made up of 2 phospholipid bilayers. Envelope has pores to let materials in & out.

The sites where the cell produces proteins. NOT a membrane- bound organelle. Located in the cytoplasm, either by themselves or attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER).

The site of cellular chemical reactions. Located in the cytoplasm next to the nucleus. Highly folded – more surface area for lots of chemical reactions. ROUGH ER: Has ribosomes attached to it. Produces proteins. SMOOTH ER: NO ribosomes attached. Produces & stores lipids.

After proteins are made in the rough ER, the proteins are transferred to the golgi apparatus. In the golgi apparatus, the proteins are packaged into vesicles to be transported to different parts of the cell. Located in the cytoplasm.

Transforms food into usable energy for the cell. Has 2 membranes. Inner membrane is highly folded, which provides a large surface area for lots of chemical reactions. Food is transformed into energy molecules for the cell on the inner membrane.

Forms a framework for the cell. Maintains the shape of the cell. Anchors & supports many organelles. Provide a system through which materials move within the cell. Composed of microfilaments & microtubules.

Flagella – longer projections that move with a whip like motion. A cell usually only has 1 or 2 flagella. Cilia – short, numerous projections that look like hairs. In unicellular organisms, the cilia and flagella move the organism. In multicellular organisms, the cilia help move particles.

Also known as cytosol. It is the “soup” within which all the other cell organelles are located. Mostly water.