Quiz: Feb 3, 2005 Write the names and formulas for the ionic compounds formed by these ions: 1.calcium and oxide 2.magnesium and sulfide 3.Al 3+ and P 3- 4.aluminum and phosphate 5.magnesium and phosphate 1. calcium oxide = CaO 2.magnesium sulfide = MgS 3.aluminum phosphide = AlP 4.aluminum phosphate = AlPO 4 5.magnesium phosphate= Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 “At age 58, Banneker began the study of astronomy and was soon predicting future solar and lunar eclipses. He compiled the ephemeris, or information table, for annual almanacs that were published for the years 1792 through "Benjamin Banneker's Almanac" was a top seller from Pennsylvania to Virginia and even into Kentucky.” phosphide = P 3- sulfide = S 2-

Balancing formulas from Worksheet Questions 1.Na 1+ 2.K 1+ 3.Mg 2+ 4.Be 2+ 5.Sr 2+ 6.Cu 1+ 7.Zn 2+ 8.Ca 2+ 9.NH 4 1+ NaF K 2 CO 3 MgCl 2 F 1- CO 3 2- Cl 1- OH 1- S 2- I 1- PO 4 3- I 1- K+ C O O O 2-

1.Na 1+ 2.K 1+ 3.Mg 2+ 4.Be 2+ 5.Sr 2+ 6.Cu 1+ 7.Zn 2+ 8.Ca 2+ 9.NH 4 1+ NaF K 2 CO 3 MgCl 2 Be(OH) 2 SrS Cu 2 S ZnI 2 F 1- CO 3 2- Cl 1- OH 1- S 2- I 1- PO 4 3- I 1- K+O H O H Be Balancing formulas from Worksheet Questions

1.Na 1+ 2.K 1+ 3.Mg 2+ 4.Be 2+ 5.Sr 2+ 6.Cu 1+ 7.Zn 2+ 8.Ca 2+ 9.NH 4 1+ NaF K 2 CO 3 MgCl 2 Be(OH) 2 SrS Cu 2 S ZnI 2 Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 NH 4 I F 1- CO 3 2- Cl 1- OH 1- S 2- I 1- PO 4 3- I 1- Ca 2+ O P O O O 3- O P O O O Ca 2+

Oxidation number The charge on a monatomic ion is called the oxidation number. An ion with more than one atom, has a different oxidation number on each atom, so the sum of the oxidation numbers equals the charge of the ion. Nonmetals often have more than one oxidation state (number). Transition metals may have more than one oxidation state (number). Table 7.3 lists some common oxidation numbers

To name covalent compounds Covalent compounds are composed of two or more nonmetals which share electrons. (Some metalloids are covalently bonded as well). USE PREFIXES mono = 1 penta = 5 di = 2 hexa = 6 tri = 3 hepta = 7 tetra = 4 octa = 8

prefix of less electronegative atom (n ≠ 1), prefix of second atom– ending ide Naming covalent compounds CO 2 CO P 2 O 5 mono = 1 penta = 5 di = 2 hexa = 6 tri = 3 hepta = 7 tetra = 4 octa = 8 carbon di ox ide carbon mon ox ide di phosphorous pent ox ide Try SF 6 click above for more information about covalent compounds sulfur hexafluoride

Answers. 1.sodium fluoride 2.potassium carbonate 3.magnesium chloride 4.beryllium hydroxide 5.strontium sulfide 6.copper (I) sulfide 7.zinc iodide 8.calcium phosphate 9.ammonium iodide 10.manganese (III) nitrate 11.iron (III) phosphate 12.cobalt (II) carbonate 1.NaF 2.K 2 CO 3 3.MgCl 2 4.Be(OH) 2 5.SrS 6.Cu 2 S 7.ZnI 2 8.Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 9.NH 4 I 10.Mn(NO 3 ) 3 11.FePO 4 12.CoCO 3

Writing Formulas potassium fluoride ammonium sulfate magnesium iodide copper (II) sulfite …. K F (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Mg I 2 CuSO 3 K + and F - NH 4 + and SO 4 2- Mg 2+ and I 1- Cu 2+ and SO 3 2-

O N O 1- Aluminum phosphate lead (II) nitrite cobalt (II) selenide silver cyanide copper II bicarbonate Al 3+ O P O O O 3- AlPO 4 Pb 2+ O N O 1- Pb(NO 3 ) 2 CoSe Ag 1+ C N 1- AgCN Cu 2+ O H C O O 1- O H C O O Cu(HCO 3 ) 2

Naming covalent compounds antimony tribromide hexaboron (mono)silicide chlorine dioxide iodine pentafluoride …. SbBr 3 B 6 Si ClO 2 I F 5 more examples

Writing Formulas for covalent compounds P 4 S 5 O 2 SeF 6 Si 2 Br 6 SCl 4 … tetraphosphorous pentasulfide oxygen selenium hexafluoride disilicon hexabromide sulfur tetra chloride CH 4 methane, is an exception because it is an ORGANIC compound.

Naming Organic Compounds Organic compounds have one or more carbons, surrounded with hydrogens. They may have double or triple bonds, and may include oxygen, or other atoms. They are named by counting the “carbon backbone” and applying a prefix “Functional Groups” provide the rest of the name. meth = 1 eth = 2 prop = 3 but = 4 pent = 5 hex = 6 hept = 7 oct = 8 non = 9 …

Naming Organic Compounds Butane = 4 carbons CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 Heptane = 7 carbons CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 Octane = 8 carbons CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 meth = 1 eth = 2 prop = 3 but = 4 pent = 5 hex = 6 hept = 7 oct = 8 non = 9 …

13 c page carbon atoms 6 hydrogen atoms

13 f page carbon atoms 12 hydrogen atoms

Molecular and Empirical Formulas. Molecular: adj. Pertaining to, consisting of, caused by, or existing between molecules. Empirical: adj. 1. Relying upon or derived from observation or experiment. 2. Guided by practical experience and not theory, especially in medicine. Formula: n 1. an established form of words for use in a ceremony or procedure. 3. Chemistry: a. a symbolic representation of the composition or of the composition and structure of a chemical compound. b. The chemical compound so represented. c. A prescription in exact proportion: recipe.

Molecular and Empirical Formulas C 6 H 12 O 6 H 2 O 2 CH 2 O HO

Coefficients: How many sets of a particular compound/element 2 C 6 H 12

Coefficients: How many sets of a particular compound/element 5 C 6 H 12