Meet the Clauses The next step towards perfection for the Grammarai warrior Clause: a group of words containing a subject AND a verb and is used as part of a sentence.

Mrs. Clause: The Independent ► She don’ need NOBODY else!! ► When removed from a sentence, an IC still makes complete sense. ► Examples  “Mrs. Huynh-Duc’s speech was tiresome and tedious, and many students openly scoffed at her.”  Mr. Huynh-Duc’s speech was tiresome and tedious.  Many students openly scoffed at her.

Sentence 2  The ground-up toenails were delicious, but Kate was too full to eat any more.  The ground-up toenails were delicious.  Kate was too full to eat any more.

Mr. Clause – Weak, Feckless, Dependent ► AKA: Subordinate Clause (SC) ► Though he has a subject and predicate, this guy cannot stand alone. He is weak, feeble, and wussy. ► SC’s are used as nouns and modifiers (adj, adv, etc) in the same way as single words and phrases are. WOW.

Examples: whoever walks into class first Whoever walks into class first wins a brand new camel.

► Example 2 which is my favorite type of hair remover Sandpaper, which is my favorite type of hair remover, has prevented me from shaving at all for the last few years.

Example 3 as she has always insisted As she has always insisted, we had to hear the football scores of these random universities before we started class each Monday.

One type of SC: The Adj Clause ► Def: A subordinate clause that, like an adjective, modifies a noun (or pronoun) Examples: Dania is someone who could enact an effective filibuster. This can, which I have had for 6 years now, is full of goat eyeballs.

REVIEW THE ADJECTIVE CLAUSE a. She is someone who has shown remarkable courage. b. This blue snake, which Taylor keeps with her in her bookbag, grants her three wishes every day.

Second type of SC: The Noun Clause ► Definition: An SC that functions as a noun (duh) ► Examples: Bernard will win a new puppy. Whoever can stand on his head for more than 30 seconds will win a new puppy. (subject) (subject)

Predicate nominative: The fire drill is a loud sound. The fire drill is what everyone had been waiting for. Free at last!! (for 5 minutes) Direct object: We learned an interesting fact. We learned that Nick has a third eye (hidden behind his left ear). Subject: Here are the plans to my temporal displacement machine. Here is what allows me to travel through time.

TYPE 3: The Adverb Clause ► I don’t even need to give you a def, right? ► Typical adverbial functions: how, how much, when, where, why, to what extent, or under what conditions. Examples: 1. Rachel reads Thoreau as though her life depended on it. (how she reads) 2. Billy practices the flute if he’s feeling chipper. (under what conditions he plays the flute)

3. He eats chilli cheese fries with hot sauce faster than I do. (adverb modifies “faster”) 4. The delusional Harry Potter fan is certain that she will marry him one day and have his babies. (adverb modifies “certain”)

The Subordinating Conjunction ► a conjunction that begins an adverb clause. It joins the clause to rest of the sentence. ► Common Subordinating Conjunctions: afterso that although than asthough as ifunless as long as as thoughuntil because when before whenever if where in order that wherever provided thatwhether sincewhile