Issues of Grid Integration of Renewables : Creative solutions 09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY01 / 11

09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY02 / 11 World Electricity production : 19800TWh in 2010

09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY03 / 11 Principle of an electric grid The US Electric Grid : Electricity Transmission Electricity distribution Electricity generation 1 3 2

Storage 09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY04 / 11  The various solutions of energy storage : −Electrochemical −Thermal −Mechanical −Chemical −Electrostatic / magnetic  INGRID project : : →Consortium of 7 European partners →This project aims to develop a demonstrator renewable energy storage →Budget 23,9 million € (30,5 million $) →Connected to 3500MW of renewables (solar, wind, biomass).

09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY05 / 11 Long distance transmission  HVDC Technology : →More efficient: Over long distances, HVDC transmission can move more power with less electrical losses than an equivalent AC transmission line. →Two conductors needed instead of three for alternating voltage (or one if we use the earth like a second conductor)  Superconductor technology : →The resistance of superconductive material is low, there is no current wastage when they are used to conduct electricity. →To show their properties, and be of any use, they must be at critical temperature, which can be costly. Source: Source:

09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY06 / 11 Smart Grid system  Definition : The smart grid is a “smart” electricity distribution network use to optimize the production, the distribution and the electrical consumption.  There are five main issues : →Use the existing power grid optimally. →Improve the quality of service. →Ensure the integrity of network. →Reduce the cost of electricity in isolated networks. →Optimize the production facilities

09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY07 / 11 Smart Grid Project « DESERTEC » “Within 6 hours deserts receive more energy from the sun than humankind consumes within a year.” Dr Gerhard Knies  DESERTEC mission : → Respond largely to the needs of the producer countries of North Africa and the Middle East. →Provide 15% (initially) of electricity for Europe. : 22000MW by 2050

09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY08 / 11 Smart Grid Project « Maui Smart Grid » Approximately 90 MW of potential renewables within project period

09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY09 / 11 Smart Grid Project « DENA Grid study II » →Prepare the ground for the evolution of the grid in the next 40 years. →Transport the excess generated power capacity to the centers of power demand in the west and south of Germany →Integrated renewables in the German Grid on the assumption that they will account for 39% by 2020.

09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY10 / 11 Smart Grid Project DENA Grid study II Development of the power plant fleet in Germany in accordance with DENA Grid Study II

Two technical challenges: → the location of renewables. →the variability of renewables. Conclusion HVDC transmission lines Supraconductor technology connect several regions of the world between them Efficient grid 09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY11 / 11