Genetic Engineering

aka.. Genetic Modification Make changes in DNA code by Insert or delete specific genes Use modern molecular biology techniques.

1) Recombinant DNA  Aka.. Gene Splicing made by combining DNA from > 1 source (often from very different species)

2) Gel electrophoresis An electric current smaller fragments - faster larger ones – slower DNA fragments move to positive end + - AB DNA on murder weapon

3)Transgenic organisms  transgenic animal Mice--- so immune sys more like humans- can study ‘em Livestock --- leaner meat carries a foreign gene, deliberately inserted into its genome.  transgenic plant Soybeans/corn/crops --- to produce nat insecticiside so don’t have to be sprayed Also: Improved Nutritional Quality Insect Resistance Disease Resistance Drought Tolerance

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4) Cloning replacing the nucleus of an unfertilized ovum with the nucleus of a body cell from the organism. first adult mammal cloned was Dolly in 1997 Clone --- genetically identical copy

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5) DNA Fingerprinting  Compare genetic similarities/differences b/w individuals.  often used to ID source of blood / tissue found at crime scenes. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

6) Gene Therapy the insertion of normal or genetically altered genes into cells usually to replace defective genes (cancer & genetic disorders) Eye cancer

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My lab experience…….

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