Part 7: Balancing Equations

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Presentation transcript:

Part 7: Balancing Equations COVALENT BONDING AND VSEPR Part 7: Balancing Equations

Objectives -Write a chemical reaction with chemical formulas -Balance chemical reactions following the Law of Conservation of Matter

Writing Balanced Equations To balancing equations: Write the formulas for the reactants and products Balance atoms on each side - using coefficients in front of formulas ***Usually leave H atoms followed by O atoms last!

Formulas Number before a symbol tell you how many compound units 2 H2O = H2O + H2O Subscripts after a symbol tell how many atoms of that element are in a compound unit and CAN’T BE CHANGED H2O = two H atoms and one O

EXAMPLE - the conversion of magnesium to magnesium oxide Magnesium + Oxygen  Magnesium oxide Balance so each side contains: 2 Mg, 2 O = 2 Mg, 2O

EXAMPLE - the combustion (burning) of methane gas (like in a bunsen burner) Methane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water CH4 + O2  CO2 + H2O Notice that each side contains: 1 C, 4 H, 2 O = 1 C, 2 H, 3 O NOT BALANCED!

EXAMPLE - the combustion (burning) of methane gas (like in a bunsen burner) Methane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water CH4 + O2  CO2 + 2H2O Notice that each side contains: 1 C, 4 H, 2 O = 1 C, 4 H, 4 O NOT BALANCED!

EXAMPLE - the combustion (burning) of methane gas (like in a bunsen burner) Methane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water CH4 + 2O2  CO2 + 2H2O Notice that each side contains: 1 C, 4 H, 4 O = 1 C, 4 H, 4 O BALANCED!

EXAMPLE - the combustion of butane (lighter fluid) Butane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water C4H10 + O2  CO2 + H2O Each side contains: 4 C, 10 H, 2 O = 1 C, 2 H, 3 O NOT BALANCED!

EXAMPLE - the combustion of butane (lighter fluid) Butane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water C4H10 + O2  4CO2 + H2O Each side contains: 4 C, 10 H, 2 O = 4 C, 2 H, 9 O NOT BALANCED!

EXAMPLE - the combustion of butane (lighter fluid) Butane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water C4H10 + O2  4CO2 + 5H2O Each side contains: 4 C, 10 H, 2 O = 4 C, 10 H, 13 O NOT BALANCED!

EXAMPLE - the combustion of butane (lighter fluid) Butane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water 2C4H10 + O2  8CO2 + 5H2O Each side contains: 8 C, 20 H, 2 O = 8 C, 10 H, 13 O NOT BALANCED!

EXAMPLE - the combustion of butane (lighter fluid) Butane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water 2C4H10 + O2  8CO2 + 10H2O Each side contains: 8 C, 20 H, 2 O = 8 C, 20 H, 26 O NOT BALANCED!

EXAMPLE - the combustion of butane (lighter fluid) Butane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water 2C4H10 + 13O2  8CO2 + 10H2O Each side contains: 8 C, 20 H, 26 O = 8 C, 20 H, 26 O BALANCED!

Ba(C2H3O2)2 + Na3PO4  Ba3(PO4)2 + NaC2H3O2 EXAMPLE: Barium acetate + Sodium phosphate  Barium phosphate + Sodium acetate Ba(C2H3O2)2 + Na3PO4  Ba3(PO4)2 + NaC2H3O2 You can balance by ions if they are present on both sides of the equation - so each side contains: 1 Ba+2, 2 C2H3O2-1, 3 Na+1, 1 PO4-3 = 3 Ba+2, 1 C2H3O2-1, 1 Na+1, 2 PO4-3 NOT BALANCED!!!

3Ba(C2H3O2)2 + Na3PO4  Ba3(PO4)2 + NaC2H3O2 EXAMPLE: Barium acetate + Sodium phosphate  Barium phosphate + Sodium acetate 3Ba(C2H3O2)2 + Na3PO4  Ba3(PO4)2 + NaC2H3O2 You can balance by ions if they are present on both sides of the equation - so each side contains: 3 Ba+2, 6 C2H3O2-1, 3 Na+1, 1 PO4-3 = 3 Ba+2, 1 C2H3O2-1, 1 Na+1, 2 PO4-3

3Ba(C2H3O2)2 + Na3PO4  Ba3(PO4)2 + 6NaC2H3O2 EXAMPLE: Barium acetate + Sodium phosphate  Barium phosphate + Sodium acetate 3Ba(C2H3O2)2 + Na3PO4  Ba3(PO4)2 + 6NaC2H3O2 You can balance by ions if they are present on both sides of the equation - so each side contains: 3 Ba+2, 6 C2H3O2-1, 3 Na+1, 1 PO4-3 = 3 Ba+2, 6C2H3O2-1, 6 Na+1, 2 PO4-3

3Ba(C2H3O2)2 + 2Na3PO4  Ba3(PO4)2 + 6NaC2H3O2 EXAMPLE: Barium acetate + Sodium phosphate  Barium phosphate + Sodium acetate 3Ba(C2H3O2)2 + 2Na3PO4  Ba3(PO4)2 + 6NaC2H3O2 You can balance by ions if they are present on both sides of the equation - so each side contains: 3 Ba+2, 6 C2H3O2-1, 6 Na+1, 2 PO4-3 = 3 Ba+2, 6C2H3O2-1, 6 Na+1, 2 PO4-3 BALANCED!!

Objectives -Write a chemical reaction with chemical formulas -Balance chemical reactions following the Law of Conservation of Matter