BRAINSTORM

TRUE or FALSE 1. Viruses may contain DNA RNA Glycoprotein Enzymes Cell wall

Viruses are Obligate intracellular parasites May divide by binary fission Have their own metabolism May contain enzymes for replication May have an envelope

The following statements are true All viruses are sensitive to antiviral agents Virus infected cells may be transformed. Viruses may have a lipid envelope Viruses may produce cytopathic changes in cell culture Some viruses are destroyed by lipid solvents

Viruses that routinely establish latent infections in human sensory ganglia include Epstein-Barr virus Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 Varicella-Zoster Virus Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 Human herpesvirus 6

The following viruses are associated with respiratory infections Rotaviruses Adenoviruses Influenza viruses HTLV-1 RSV

The following viruses are thought to cause gastroenteritis Enteroviruses Adenoviruses Norwalk-like viruses Astroviruses Rotaviruses

The following viruses are transmitted from animals to humans Influenza A H5N1 HTLV-1 Hantaviruses Poliomyelitis Rabies

A chronic carrier state may occur in the following: Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis Delta Hepatitis E

The following viruses are transmitted by blood Rubella HIV Measles HBV HCV

The following markers are usually present in a hepatitis B carrier with chronic active hepatitis HbsAg HbsAb Anti-HBc IgM HBV-DNA HBeAg

Regarding rash illnesses Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection may cause a vesicular rash The rash caused by parvovirus B19 is due to the presence of virus in the skin Measles is usually diagnosed by viral culture Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is usually diagnosed by viral culture VZV cannot be grown in cell culture

Rubella infection can be asymptomatic may be indistinguishable from parvovirus B19 can have serious side effects when occurring in a woman in the third trimester of pregnancy is usually preventable by vaccination may be acquired by having close contact with an infant with congenital rubella syndrome

Influenza A Virus May undergo antigenic shift and antigenic drift May cause pandemics Respond to rimantidine Respond to neuraminidase inhibitors Vaccination confers lifelong protection

Paramyxoviruses may cause Croup Maculopapular rash Pneumonia Bronchiolitis Diarrhoea

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Respond to Amantidine May cause bronchiolitis May cause croup May cause pneumonia May be prevented by vaccination

Measles Virus Infection Causes a vesicular rash May cause encephalitis May respond to acyclovir May be prevented by HNIG May be prevented by vaccination

The following is true of rabies virus The majority of cases worldwide result from bat bites Infection may be prevented by active and passive immunisation Rabies vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine The animal reservoir differ from country to country May be diagnosed by serology