BELLWORK: Block 1 1.How did Puerto Rican citizens respond to America’s occupation during the Spanish American War? How did this change with the Treaty of Paris? 2.Analyze the advantages/disadvantages of American colonial rule in Puerto Rico. 3.What was the Foraker Act? 4.How did the government of Puerto Rico change post-WWII? 5.THINKER: Describe and defend your own opinion……. Should Puerto Rico remain a commonwealth? Granted statehood as the 51 st U.S. state? Or, be given complete independence? Explain! (Answer this question on your post-it note!)

Should Puerto Rico become a state? mKSsqkhttps:// mKSsqk

Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy “Big Stick Diplomacy”

Theodore Roosevelt FUN FACTS! Nickname: “TR”, “Teddy”, “The Bull Moose” Personality: Extremely energetic, great speaker While boxing in the White House with heavyweight John Sullivan, Roosevelt received a blow to his face that left him blind in his left eye. (kept secret for several years) Mad House: Roosevelt had 6 children, horses, dogs, snakes, cats, a badger, & guinea pigs running around the White House. Teddy Bear is named after him

Theodore Roosevelt A typical TR breakfast included giant mugs of coffee, a package of bacon and 12 eggs! Firsts: ride in an automobile, fly in an airplane, dive in a submarine, & travel outside the US while in office Assassination attempt in 1912: “I don’t know whether you fully understand that I have been shot, but it takes more than that to kill a Bull Moose” Loved to travel: At 60 yrs. old, TR traveled to S. America. He contracted malaria and died from heart failure a few years later.

Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy  “Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far” Central point: The U.S. government would intervene to prevent invasion from other powers. Caused a lot of U.S. interventions in Latin America during the 20 th century Roosevelt’s “big stick diplomacy” expressed the view that it was the responsibility of the United States to carry out “the most regrettable but necessary international policy duty which must be performed for the sake of the welfare of mankind.” To keep an open door trading policy with China he mediated a peace agreement between China, Russia and Japan, which ended the Russo- Japanese War. This won him a Nobel Peace Prize.

Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy  After the Spanish-American War, the U.S. emerged as a world power. In order to connect the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, the U.S. decided to build a canal in Central America. This would make global shipping faster and easier. In 1899, a Canal Commission was set up to determine which site would be best for the canal (Nicaragua or Panama) and then to oversee construction of the canal – Panama was best candidate Problem: Panama was owned by Columbia and they refused to give it up. Solution: U.S. led a revolt, captured Panama, and declared it an independent state. In return, Panama signed the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty that gave the U.S. a permanent grant of land to build a canal; Panamanians received $10 million.

The Panama Canal The building started in November 1903 and finished in 1914; six months ahead of schedule and $23 million under budget. Discuss: Why did citizens support the construction of the Canal? Why would citizens oppose it?

Video Clips on the Panama Canal NC_jaM time lapsehttps:// NC_jaM 0VQ&feature=related building of the canal AdO5I&feature=related how it works 0VQ&feature=related AdO5I&feature=related

Roosevelt’s “Big Stick Diplomacy” You are now going to read about specific interventions justified by Roosevelt’s foreign policy In your HOA textbook, read pgs , and take notes on the following seven points: 1.Build up of U.S. Navy (Great White Fleet) 2.Panama Canal 3.Involvement in Nicaragua 4.Venezuelan Blockade 5.Roosevelt Corollary 6.Intervention in Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) 7.Extraterritoriality (include L.A. response)

Roosevelt’s Domestic Policies Sherman Antitrust Act: prohibit monopolies Bureau of Corporations: investigates antitrust violations Settled strikes between managers and workers Meat Inspection Act: outlawed misleading labels and dangerous preservatives

Roosevelt’s Environmental Policies Conserve nature for recreational use Created U.S. Forrest Service Set aside 194 million acres for national parks and nature preserves

Theodore Roosevelt "Optimism is a good characteristic, but if carried to an excess, it becomes foolishness. We are prone to speak of the resources of this country as inexhaustible; this is not so." Seventh Annual Message to Congress, December 3, 1907

Panama Canal Debate: 2013 On Friday, we will be holding a class debate over the Panama Canal and foreign policy during Roosevelt’s presidency. The class will be divided into four groups. Two groups will represent specific pro-Canal arguments and two group will represent specific anti-Canal arguments Tonight, you should do some brief background research and come with facts, stories, statistics, to add to your point. Tomorrow will be debate prep! Be prepared!

Debate Sides – Pd.5 & Pd.7 PRO-CANAL U.S. Perspective –Vital to national security & trade –Rhyan, Kira, Erik, Alexis, Avery –Angus, Payton, Cassandra, Ian, Panamanian Perspective –Helped get independence, make money, trade taxes & tariffs –Jacob Garcia, Alex, Taylor, Tim, Daniel –Ty, Melissa, Erica, Nikki, Skylar ANTI-CANAL U.S. Perspective –Obtained Panama illegally, Monroe Doctrine is outdated, Nicaragua would be a better/more diplomatic choice –Jacob Gerber, Zoe, Alijah, Sammy, Landon, Noelle –Dino, Madeline, Citlali, Castle, Adam Panamanian Perspective –U.S. is abusing their location, need more profit and protection from U.S., too imperialistic –Lindsay, Carolina, Victoria, David, Ryan R. –Evan, Christian, Ellery, Erin, Brenda