History of the Ancient and Medieval World Walsingham Academy Mrs. McArthur Room 107 Walsingham Academy Mrs. McArthur Room 107 Absolutism

The Renaissance The Voyages Of Discovery The Reformation The Scientific Revolution The New Monarchies Emerging Nation States Foundation of Modern Europe Emerging Nation States Foundation of Modern Europe

The New Monarchies Machiavelli’s view of the successful ruler –The prince: agent of change in state formation –The need for unity, security and prosperity “How to” model: Absolutism emerges on continent The monarch must break feudal ties to past What to look for in the successful state

The New Monarchies (cont.) Church and nobility subordinated to monarch Bureaucracy to supervise royal policies Royal system of justice Royal monopoly on military power Dependable and adequate source of income Winners and losers in the modern Europe First contestant: Spain

The Spanish Armada (1588) the decisive action off Calais; the English attack at midnight led by the eight fire ships that forced the Spanish to cut their cables and escape to the East

Assignment 1: due Wed, 5/7 Read text, pp Answer thematic questions, pp Complete Map Skills assessment, pp 414 Answer Questions, pp 415, #1-5 Palace of El Escorial where Philip II, King of Spain, planned the invasion of England by the Armada

The New Monarchies: England “Good Queen Bess” dies (1603): Stuarts inherit Divine Right: “I will not be content that my power be disputed upon.” Parliament Responds: English Civil War (Cavaliers and Roundheads) King beheaded “I am a martyr of the people.” (1649) The Commonwealth, The Restoration and The Glorious Revolution (Whew!) Winning state or losing state in the new Europe? Analysis

Assignment 2: due Thurs, 5/8 Read text, pp Answer questions on pp 425 (1, 2) and #1, (a-c), 2a, 3a,b and 4a Cavalier Style: (à la van Dyck) Long, flowing ringlets, elaborate, embellished clothes and plumed hats!

Assignment 3: due Fri., 5/9 Read text, pp. 423, Answer questions on pp 426 #1, (d-h), 2b, 3a,b and 4, 5 Roundhead Style: Short hair, plain (military) dress Oliver Cromwell Lord Protector of England

Spain’s Golden Age ( ) Government Phillip II makes himself absolute ruler WarsArtsReligion

Positive and Negative Effects of Wealth from the Americas on Spain Wealth from the Americas Negative Positive

Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan No arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short. The Papacy is not other than the Ghost of the deceased Roman Empire, sitting crowned upon the grave thereof. The condition of man…is a condition of war of everyone against everyone. Written in 1651, Leviathan is considered by many to be the foundation of modern, western political philosophy. 1.What view of “man in a state of nature” does Hobbes appear to have? 2.What prescription might he have had for his country? 3.What legacy do you think has left us?

Absolutism Spain England Analyze and Justify.

Extra-Credit: due Fri. 5/9 2 Portraits: 2 Absolute Monarchs – You be the judge!

Key

In-Class Activity Read passage from Don Quixote Vocabulary nigh= nearly, almost league= unit of measure, about 3 miles Millstone= circular stone used to grind grain Caitiffs= cowardly, despicable characters Answer 3 questions

In-Class Activity Read passage from English Bill of Rights Vocabulary Subvert= destroy, overthrow, undermine Extirpate= eliminate Prerogative= right Redress= way of seeking a remedy Answer 3 questions List three basic rights also found in the American Bill of Rights of 1791

In-Class Activity Read passage from Two Treaties on Government Vocabulary Promulgated= published, made known Extemporary= without any preparation Inroads-= advances at the expense of someone Transgress= go beyond, break Endeavor=try Forfeit= lose something Devolves= passes Answer 3 questions Would Thomas Hobbes agree with Locke? Explain.