What are Computer Graphics Basically anything that is on you Monitor – This includes the text that you will see Text isn’t Advanced Graphics But…. Understanding the way text is rendered is part of understanding the graphics system

What are Advanced Graphics used for? Design Simulation Animation User Interfaces Aero anyone? GAMES Movies

The Basic Graphic System Input Device Processor Memory Output Device

Completing the Basic Graphic System Frame Buffer GPU Multiple Inputs

Rasterisation Pretty Picture goes here

The 3D Space Although Graphics exist in 2D we will focus on 3D – 2D uses many of the same concepts, just with a lot less complexities (in some areas) For a 3D scene we need: – An Object – A Viewpoint

Okay, so realistically you need some lighting too! This is where much of the complexities of 3D rendering emerge Light

Troublesome Light Radiosity Ray Casting Ray Tracing Monte Carlo Ray Tracing Photon Mapping Caustics

More Detail on Rendering a View Camera Location View Direction Orientation Field of View (FoV) Aspect Ratio Clipping Box / Plane

How the Hardware Does the Rendering Transformations Projections Clipping Into a Frame Buffer Pixel Operations are then applied

Programming basics Coordinate Systems World Coordinates – Vertex Points Screen Coordinates – X,Y Pixels (Sometimes Z as well!)

OpenGL Primitives So our World is built out of Polygons – Types of supported Polygons Points Lines Polygons Curves Surfaces

What should your Polygon be? Simple Convex Flat Y?

OpenGL Objects glBegin(…..) glEnd(); GL_POINTS// Points GL_LINES// segments GL_LINE_STRIP// PolyLines GL_LINE_LOOP // PolyLines

OpenGL Objects Continued GL_POLYGON GL_QUADS GL_QUAD_STRIP GL_TRIANGLES GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP GL_TRIANGLE_FAN

Triangles are your Friend Any user defined objects will need Convextivity testing. – Depending on the test results you may need to tessellate their objects

A Quick Example of their uses

Lab Class outline Creating DirectX / OpenGL Projects Rendering a few simple polygons

OpenGL Programming The Basics You need – A Basic Windows Program Framework – A Window Handle – Hardware Device Context – Hardware Render Context – Rendering Code

Things to come Lecture 3: – User Input basics