Water Vocabulary Directions: Use your laptop/dictionary to define the following: 1. adhesion 2. boiling point 3. capillary action 4. cohesion 5. condensation 6. density 7. evaporation 8. freezing point 9. gas 10. hydrogen bond 11. hydrologic cycle 12. liquid 13. pH 14. polar covalent bond 15. solid 16. solubility 17. specific heat 18. sublimation 19. surface tension

1. adhesion Adhesion is the molecular attraction that holds the surfaces of two substances in contact, such as water and rock particles. Also, the attraction of water molecules to other materials as a result of hydrogen bonding.

2. boiling point Boiling point is the temperature at which a substance becomes a gas.

3. capillary action Capillary action is the movement of water along microscopic channels. This movement is the result of two forces: the absorption and adhesion of water to the walls of the channels; and cohesion of water molecules to each other.

4. cohesion Cohesion is the intermolecular attraction between like-molecules.

5. condensation Condensation is the act or process of reducing a gas or vapor to a liquid or solid state.

6. density Density is the ratio of a body's mass to its volume. (g/mL or g/cm 3 or g/cc)

7. evaporation Evaporation is the process by which molecules in a liquid state (e.g. water) spontaneously become gaseous (e.g. water vapor).

8. freezing point Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid.

9. gas gas is matter in a form that has low density, is easily compressible and expandable, and expands spontaneously when placed in a larger container. Molecules in a gas move freely and are relatively far apart. "Vapor" often refers to a gas made of a substance that is usually encountered as a liquid or solid; for example, gaseous H 2 O is called "water vapor."

10. hydrogen bond A hydrogen bond is a type of chemical bond caused by electromagnetic forces, occurring when the positive pole of one molecule (e.g., water) is attracted to and forms a bond with the negative pole of another molecule (e.g., another water molecule).

11. hydrologic cycle The hydrologic cycle is the movement or exchange of water between the atmosphere and earth.

12. liquid A liquid is state of matter that has a high density and is incompressible compared to a gas. Liquids take the shape of their container but do not expand to fill the container as gases do. Liquids diffuse much more slowly than gases.

13. pH pH is the pH hydrogen ion concentration in an aqueous solution; a solution of pH 0 to 7 is acid; pH 7 is neutral; and pH 7 to 14 is alkaline.

14. polar covalent bond When the atoms of a compound unequally share electrons in order to achieve stability. This creates both a positive & negative pole on the compound.

15. solid A solid is a relatively dense, rigid state of matter, with a definite volume and shape. Molecules in solids are often packed close together in regularly repeating patterns, and vibrate around fixed positions.

16. solubility Solubility is the degree to which a substance can be dissolved in a defined solvent.

17. specific heat Specific heat is the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1°C.

18. sublimation Sublimation is the process in which a solid is transformed directly into a gas or a gas directly into a solid without the appearance of a liquid state.

19. surface tension Surface tension is an effect within the surface layer of a liquid that causes that layer to behave as an elastic sheet.