CLAS/HIST1631 Homer's Heroes. The Greek World in 776 BC.

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Presentation transcript:

CLAS/HIST1631 Homer's Heroes

The Greek World in 776 BC

Archaic Greek Trade Posts

Phoenicians

Earliest Greek Writing: Cup of Nestor c. 725

Read the Earliest Word of the West!

Hoplite Warfare

Hoplites in Formation 7 th c. vase shows battle So named after hoplon, shield Closely linked, like scales on fish This appears to be a innovation (GP ).

What About Before 776 BC? To the people of that day, there was a great and glorious past, filled with marvellous heroes  Achilles  Agamemnon  Helen of Troy

Homer, the Poet of the Past 'His' great poems, Iliad and Odyssey, draw on vast reserves of 'oral tradition' Proven by modern comparisons to be made through 'oral composition'

The Trojan War Dated by ancients to 1280's BC Set in N. W. corner of Turkey City of Ilium claimed it was the same spot Fought by Great King of Greek city, Mycenae

'Prehistory' History means human past or its study 'Prehistory' is therefore a funny term:  Not 'before human past'  Rather, human past before its study Greeks started writing in roughly 776 BC So Greek prehistory is everything from century before (ninth C. BC), back

“BASED ON A TRUE STORY”  Do we really want a true story, or do we want one that is satisfying?  Does it matter? What does good literature have that history often does not?

Some Pessimistic Conclusions Current in 19 th Century Homer's poems – and the legendary world they draw on – are literary gold They are full of interactions with supernatural, places of incredible wealth Therefore they represent a convenient imagined past, agreed upon by the Greeks like they gods

Heinrich Schliemann

Citadel of Troy

'Mask of Agamemnon'

Linear B Tablet