Reactions of acids Grade 10

Objectives You need to be able to describe the reactions of acids with: Alkalis Carbonates Metals. You should be able to work out the particular salt formed in the reaction.

Acids with metals Acids will react with reactive metals, such as magnesium and zinc, to make a salt and hydrogen. In general, acid + metal   salt + hydrogen The hydrogen causes bubbling during the reaction and can be detected using a lighted splint. You usually meet this reaction when you study the reactivity series of metals.

Acids with Carbonates When acids react with carbonates, such as calcium carbonate (found in chalk, limestone and marble), a salt, water and carbon dioxide are made. In general, acid + metal carbonate   salt + water + carbon dioxide Notice that compared to the reaction with metal oxides and metal hydroxides, an extra product, carbon dioxide, is made. It causes bubbling during the reaction and can be detected using limewater.

Acid with carbonate Acid +carbonate Lime water

Acid with Alkali When acids react with bases, a salt and water are made. This reaction is called neutralisation. In general, acid + metal oxide  salt + water acid + metal hydroxide   salt + water Remember that most bases do not dissolve in water. But if a base can dissolve in water it is also called an alkali.