Description, Camera Directions, and Transitions Scriptwriting Prof Oakes
TYPES OF SHOTS Long Shot Medium Shot Close Up Extreme Close Up
SHOTS
EXTREME CLOSE UP
CLOSE UP
MEDIUM CLOSE UP
MEDIUM SHOT
FULL SHOT/Long Shot
LONG SHOT
ANGLES AND PROXEMICS CAMERA ANGLES High Low Bird’s Eye Worm’s Eye Dutch Tilt
WORM’S EYE (ANGLE) also POINT OF VIEW SHOT
High Angle
LOW ANGLE
Low Angle
DUTCH TILT
Tracking Shot TRACKING SHOT
Over the Shoulder (OTS)
Point of View Edit
Camera Movements A Dolly shot is not a Zoom A Tracking shot is not a pan m/watch?v=s_HuFuKi q8U A Dolly shot is not a Zoom A Tracking shot is not a pan m/watch?v=s_HuFuKi q8U
Continuity System (Review) Continuous flow of images from shot to shot, sequence to sequence Continuity is used maintain a sense of space, time, and movement Interruption of continuity creates “jump- cuts” or an ambiguous sense of space/time Continuous flow of images from shot to shot, sequence to sequence Continuity is used maintain a sense of space, time, and movement Interruption of continuity creates “jump- cuts” or an ambiguous sense of space/time
Classic Hollywood Continuity Camera moves closer and shots grow shorter as emotional intensity builds – Establishing Long Shot – Medium shot of characters – Shot/Reverse-Shot during dialogue – Occasional Insert (Cutaway) Dramatic climax is filmed in a close-up on the actor’s face Camera moves closer and shots grow shorter as emotional intensity builds – Establishing Long Shot – Medium shot of characters – Shot/Reverse-Shot during dialogue – Occasional Insert (Cutaway) Dramatic climax is filmed in a close-up on the actor’s face
Line of Action 180 degree rule (Line of Action) Imagine an invisible line (string) between the two main characters in a scene Camera does not cross the line unless you show it crossing the line The line moves with the characters 180 degree rule (Line of Action) Imagine an invisible line (string) between the two main characters in a scene Camera does not cross the line unless you show it crossing the line The line moves with the characters
Transitions
Transitions and Optical Effects Cut (Straight Cut) Fade In or Fade Out Dissolve (Cross Dissolve) Wipe Optical (Video) effect Cut (Straight Cut) Fade In or Fade Out Dissolve (Cross Dissolve) Wipe Optical (Video) effect
Smash Cut