 初中阅读

阅读理解能力  1 理解主旨要义  2 理解文中具体信息  3 根据上下文猜测生词的意义  4 做出简单判断的推理  5 理解文章的基本结构  6 理解作者的意图和态度

阅读心理  第一种模式： “ 自下而上 ” 式。该模式强调语篇本 身作用，认为阅读是一系列信息处理过程。由低 级的字词解码到最终获取信息的过程。  第二种模式： “ 自上而下 ” 式。该模式强调读者的 背景知识在理解中的作用，认为阅读是一种选择、 猜测、预测、检验和证实的过程，是一种心理语 言学的猜测游戏。  第三种模式： “ 交互作用 ” 模式，认为阅读是上述 两种模式交互作用过程。

培养良好阅读习惯  1. 扩大视距  2. 克服声读  3 克服逐字读

猜测词义  Once a month, she takes him to a dog groomer. The dog groomer gives him a bath and cuts his nails.  But robot scientist James White disagrees.

 通过标题或主题句进行预测  文章的标题或主题句可包括作者的意图和倾向、 篇章的总体意义和深层意义，因此通过文章标 题或主题句进行预测，以便正确理解。  通过语篇标记进行预测  语篇标记包括关联词、转换词也包括其他关键 词。  利用背景知识预测  利用图片进行预测  注释生词中文进行预测

 阅读课三个阶段

准备阶段  借助文章的标题、插图、重点词等，通过 提问或讨论的方式介绍阅读文章的主题， 鼓励学生预测要阅读的内容，明确阅读任 务，讲解必要的单词。

阅读课堂教学步骤  准备阶段  Examine the accompanying visual information (diagram, maps, photos)  Reflect the title or the topic  State what they would like to know about he topic  State what they already know about the topic

 Write down their own questions that they want the text to answer  Answer the teacher ’ s general questions about the text  Guess the topic by key words from the text.

阅读阶段  根据阅读文章的内容涉及形式新颖，多样 的活动切实培养学生的阅读技巧，提高学 生的阅读速度和理解能力。  猜测词义，主题，寻读信息识别指代关系

 Skim reading to get the gist of the text  Locate the specific information  Taking note on the main points  Draw a diagram to show the text structure  Answering factual questions on the text

 Putting the events in the correct order  T F statements  Word out the meaning of words and phrases in the text from the context  Giving sections of a text appropriate headings. Giving text an appropriate title

 Examine referents in the text and state what they refer to.

后续阶段  进一步理解课文内容，明确学习重点巩固 和扩展知识  Oral discussion  Role play and retell  Write a summary of the main content  Comment on the content of text  Finish the story

Imagine you are traveling alone to the South Pole, What will you take with you? Why?

The person must be very strong. The person must be very young. The person must be very healthy. The person must have great courage and determination. The person must have a strong will

How did she travel alone to Antarctica, on foot, dog team or sled? Did she finished his travel?

How many parts can we divide the passage into? Pick out the sentence or key words which help you get the main idea of each paragraph.

ParMain ideaDetailed Information 1The journey of challenge and danger began. 1.What did she do at 50? 2.What would she do at 60? 3.When did she begin her journey? 2The first days of the journey. 1.What was the weather like? 2.How was the wind later? 3.How many hours did she travel when the winds increased? 3Her birthday in Antarctica 1.When was it? 2.How did she spend her birthday? 4Self rescue1.What happened when she was moving forward over a slope? 2.How did she rescue herself? 5A bad accident1.How did she hurt herself? 2.What ’ s the result of the accident? 6.Making a decision How did she make a decision? Which things did she take into consideration? 1.She traveled alone to the North Pole. 2.She traveled alone in Antarctica. 3. On Nov. 1 st, It was good, the wind was icy but not verystrongL 2. Later the wind grew stronger into a howling storm. 3.Two hours. 1.On Nov She thawed a frozen cake over the fire, placed a candle on the top, lit it and sang “happy birthday to me. 1.She fell into a deep hole and was hanging on the ropes tired to the sled. 2.Her self rescue training helped her out. 1.She hurt her leg when she was traveling with the sled. 2. She could not stand on her left leg and her head was woozy She won’t give up and will meet the challenges bravely

60 when all alone without even a dog team so she had to pull her sled with all her baggage herself. Can you imagine your grandmothers to do sth like this? Strong will, enjoy great challenges, brave, active, kind, generous, courageous and determined

Set goals and work hard to achieve them. Experience difficulties and set-backs （挫折） courageously Feedback---- think over Along the way, must make decisions when to go on and when to give up. Adapt to the change very well and determine to give up confirmedly

criteriaGroup Easy and clear language (0-2) Ideas (0-2) Vivid performance (0-3) Good cooperation (0-3) Total scores (0-10)

First name: Charlie Surname: _________ Sex: _____________ Year of birth:_________ Place of birth: ________ Profession: ___________ His best films:___________ ________________________ Chaplin Male 1889 London Actor & director Modern Times City Lights

What’s the main idea of the text? A.Chaplin is one of the greatest and funniest actors in films. B.Chaplin first acted when he was five years old. C.Chaplin’s later films were not well received. D.Chaplin’s second film made him world famous.

Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Para. 4 Para. 5 Brief introduction to Chaplin Chaplin’s early life Chaplin’s acting style Chaplin’s early films Chaplin’s later life Find the general meaning of each paragraph

Tell why the following numbers are important to Charlie Chaplin? 1) ) ) 13 4) 69 5) ) at the age of 8 7) at the age of 17 8) between 1940 and 1966

1.Tell why the following numbers are important to Charlie Chaplin? 1) ) ) 13 4) 69 born in London died and buried in Switzerland acted in … wrote, directed and acted in…

1.Tell why the following numbers are important to Charlie Chaplin? 5) ) at the age of 8 7) at the age of 17 8) between 1940 and 1966 a second trip to the USA joined a group of child dancers set off for the USA made only six films

What was Charlie like in his films?  wore a small black hat very wide trousers a moustache  carried a stick…swung in the air  had his way of acting, such as walking… and turning…was recognized as his own.

Task life films Opinions at the age of 8 69 between 1940 and Funny, humor…. achievements

Talk about Chaplin before showing us the film made by Charlie. Life, films and your opinions.