A High School beginners guide to CPR CPR Introduction

How Do I get Certified? Certification for CPR and First Aid is easy to obtain! Just find your local Red Cross and sign up for the basic training course!

Brainstorming Questions What does CPR stand for? When would you perform CPR? What do you know about CPR?

C-P-R Cardio – Having to do with the heart Pulmonary - Having to do with the lungs Resuscitation - The act of reviving a person and returning them to consciousness

BILL NYE HEART VIDEO

When to Perform CPR? No breathing No pulse Unconscious

What are the functions of CPR? A. As basic life support – to maintain a viable (living) victim for advanced life support. (EMS) EMS stands for Emergency Medical Service B. To minimize the occurrence of panic during times of emergency. C. For early diagnosis and detection of the symptoms of heart attack. Be able to recognize the signs of a heart attack. The greatest risk of death from heart attack is in the initial two hours after the onset of the symptoms 60% of all victims die before they reach the hospital. (paramedics now stabilize the victim at the site before transporting.)

Heart Attack/Cardiac Arrest Heart Attack –Reduced level of oxygen to the heart muscle Cardiac Arrest – Heart stops beating Signs and Symptoms – Pale, chest pain, pain moving to left arm, upset stomach, shortness of breath, tired, denial Risk Factors – Age, cholesterol, weight, heredity, diet, smoking, fitness, high blood pressure, stress

What are the real symptoms of a heart attack? Uncomfortable pressure and squeezing, usually located in the center of the chest Pain may spread to shoulders, arms, neck, and back (usually on the left side) The pain is not always severe and may come and go (sharp, stabbing twinges of pain usually are not signals of heart attack) Sweating, nausea, shortness of breath, feeling of weakness May occur in either sex, even young adults, and not necessarily during physical or emotional stress.

The first important steps in giving CPR are…. The three C’s!!

Is the scene safe? Check to make sure that the scene is safe!!! Fire, wires, gas, glass, spills, traffic, falling objects etc. Make sure you are also taking care of yourself! Assess what might have happened Is there anyone around who can also help? Ask others around the scene for as much help as they can offer!

Calling for help is often the most important action you can take to help an ill or injured person. Call 911 or the local emergency number (If there are other people at the scene, ask someone else to call for you to help!) If you’re by yourself, call 911 and/or get AED before you start CPR Give the 911 operator the correct information about your location, victim, what happened and any other information you can. Be the last to hang up!

Once you have followed the first two C’s, you may need to give care until EMS personnel arrive. Follow these guidelines: Do no further harm. Monitor the person’s breathing and conciousness. Help the person rest in the most comfortable position. Keep the person from getting chilled or overheated. Reassure the person. Give any specific care needed.

General CPR; In Three Simple Steps: ABC 1. Airway Airway – head tilt, chin lift 2. Breathing Breathing – look, listen, feel 3. Circulation Circulation – give chest compressions

This Video is from the British Red Cross. It will take you through the important steps of CPR for a child! Click to watch the video!

Adult CPR Airway and breathing C. Use the head tilt, chin lift method to open airway. Look, listen and feel for breathing. D. If the victim is not breathing normally, pinch the nose and cover their mouth with yours. Give 2 full breaths until you see the chest rise. Each breath should last about 1 second. E. With each breath the chest should lower and rise so you know that air is getting in.

Adult CPR F. After giving two breaths, immediately begin chest compressions. G. Use the nipple line (“armpit over”) to determine the proper place to do chest compressions. H. Push down on the chest 1 1/2 to 2 inches, 30 times right between the nipples where the heart lies. (ratio 30:2) J. Pump at the rate of 100 compressions / 1 minute K. If you see chest movement, put the victim in the side position in case they vomit.

Chest compressions should be performed on the lower ½ of the sternum

For each compression it is important to push down far enough and to be sure the chest is completely released after each compression. This will allow the heart to fill with blood after each compression.

Recovery Position What is the Recovery Position? First Aid procedure to use if the person is unconscious, breathing and have a pulse. It is a safe position to put them in while you are waiting for the EMS to arrive Allows them to breathe easily and prevents them from choking on their tongue or any vomit.

Here are some key points to Child CPR in case you missed them! The same first 3 steps apply for children as adults when giving CPR. (check for consciousness, call for help, open airway check for signs of life) After opening the airway, give 5 rescue breaths Check for signs of life If there are no signs of life, follow with 30 chest compressions with only one hand. Continue 30 to 2 ratio until EMT arrives.

This Video is from the British Red Cross. It will take you through the important steps of CPR for an infant! Click to watch the video! related

Important things you need to know about Infant CPR! Checking for conciousness on a baby is different from an adult or child, you must tap their foot. Check for consciousness, call for help, open airway check for signs of life. Give 5 rescue breaths then listen for signs of life. Follow with 30 chest compressions with only 2 fingers and not as much force. Continue 30 to 2 ratio until EMT arrives.

Now we will learn how to treat an adult, child, and infant who are choking and not able to cough, speak, or breathe.

Step 1 Check scene, then check person. Step 2 Have someone call 9111 Step 3 Obtain Consent to care for the person.

Step 4 Give 5 quick, upward abdominal thrusts. Stand behind victim with one leg between theirs Find hips, and make fist where belly button should be Pull in and up at about 60% of strength Step 5 Continue abdominal thrusts until- object is forced out person can breathe or cough forcefully person becomes unconscious WHAT TO DO NEXT: If person becomes unconscious- CALL 911

Follow the same 1-6 steps of a choking adult for a choking child, and infant. REMEMBER TO CALL 911!!

Infant choking; conscious A. Check for breathing difficulty, ineffective cough, weak cry. B. Confirm signs of severe or complete airway obstruction. C. Give 5 back blows with your open hand and 5 chest thrusts, using your 3rd and 4th fingers. D. Repeat back blows and chest thrusts until object is expelled OR the victim becomes unresponsive.

BACK SLAPS CHEST THRUSTS FINGER SWEEP

This is a video that takes you through the entire process of CPR and use of an AED on an adult. Pay close attention to make sure you remember all this important information! Click here to watch video! related

Step 1-3 Turn on AED Wipe chest dry Plug in connector if necessary Step 4 Make sure no one, including yourself, is touching the victim Say “everyone stand clear!” Push shock button if necessary WHAT TO DO NEXT- After shock, give 5 cycles or about 2 minutes of CPR.

The three C’s- Check, Call, Care! We learned how to perform CRP on an adult, a child, and an infant. We learned how to treat a choking adult, child, and infant. We also learned how to use the AED!

Being certified in CPR and First Aid doesn’t only benefit yourself, but everyone around you because you never know when CPR will be needed. The American Red Cross has trained millions of people in first aid and CPR. These are the people who are dedicated to making the world a safer place for everyone! I hope you learned some important information about CPR and hopefully you want to get certified!

Good Samaritan Law  Law that protects rescuers from prosecution or civil law suits, unless their actions constitute willful misconduct and negligence. The Rescuer MUST comply with proper emergency first aid and CPR guidelines; acting in good faith by being prudent and responsible in their rescue efforts.

Videos from Pictures on slides 2,5,19, and 20 are from All other pictures courtesy of clipart All information about CPR, AED, Choking, and the three C’s from 3 rd Edition Participants Manual provided by American Red Cross Title: First Aid/CPR/AED for Schools and Community.