Emergency Management Concepts Westmoreland County Department of Public Safety Rich Matason, Director Newly Elected Officials Course January 8, 2008

Emergency Management Concepts 1. The Emergency Management Cycle 2. The Emergency Management Program 3. Integrated Emergency Management

Emergency Management Organized analysis,planning, decision- making, and assignment of available resources to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from the effects of all hazards.

Emergency Management Priorities Save lives Save lives Prevent injuries Prevent injuries Protect property and the environment Protect property and the environment

Concept #1: The Emergency Management Cycle The emergency management cycle is comprised of four phases: prevention/ mitigation; preparedness; response; recovery.

Questions What are our hazards, vulnerabilities and threats? How can we mitigate them to prevent them from occurring as emergencies or disasters? If we can’t prevent emergencies or disasters, how do we get ready or prepare for them? When an emergency or disaster occurs, how do we manage the response? When an emergency or disaster is over, how do we help victims get back to normal?

What are our hazards, vulnerabilities and threats?

Natural Hazards Caused by forces in the physical environment Examples:

September 17, 2004 Tropical Depression Ivan

Manmade/Technological Hazards Caused by forces in the human environment Examples:

Natural Gas Transmission Line Explosion – Hempfield Twp, Westmoreland County March 2000

How can we mitigate them to prevent them from occurring as emergencies or disasters?

Mitigation/Prevention Any activities which actually eliminate or reduce the occurrence of a disaster, and long-term activities which reduce the effects of unavoidable disasters. Actions taken to avoid an incident or to intervene to stop an incident from occurring.

Mitigation/Prevention Hazardous Materials Spill Transport speed limits Container structure codes Corporate licensing Restricted routing Materials identification codes

If we can’t prevent emergencies or disasters, how do we get ready or prepare for them?

Preparedness A continuous planning and training process involving all levels of government and private sector and non-government organizations to identify threats, determine vulnerabilities, and identify required resources to build, sustain, and improve the operational capability to prevent, protect against, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents.

Preparedness Hazardous Materials spill Containment and scrubbing equipment Stockpile neutralizing materials Emergency training for transporters Special apparatus for emergencies

When an emergency or disaster occurs, how do we manage the response?

Response Activities that address the short-term, direct effects of an incident and that include immediate actions to save lives, protect property, and meet basic human needs.

Response Hazardous Materials spill Identify material Identify material Notify National Response Center/CHEMTREC Notify National Response Center/CHEMTREC Containment Containment Plume tracking Plume tracking Air/water/soil contamination controls Air/water/soil contamination controls

When an emergency or disaster is over, how do we help victims get back to normal?

Recovery The development, coordination, and execution of service- and site- restoration plans for impacted communities and the reconstitution of government operations and services through individual, private- sector, non-governmental, and public assistance programs in order to return life to normal or improved levels. The development, coordination, and execution of service- and site- restoration plans for impacted communities and the reconstitution of government operations and services through individual, private- sector, non-governmental, and public assistance programs in order to return life to normal or improved levels.

Recovery Hazardous Materials spill Hazardous Materials spill Reassess existing regulations Reassess existing regulations Decontamination of the environment Decontamination of the environment

Concept #2: Emergency Management Program An emergency management program is comprised of four elements: the emergency management coordinator; the emergency management staff; the emergency operations center; and, the emergency operations plan.

More Questions…….. Is there a legal basis for the creation of an emergency management program? What are the basic elements of an emergency management program? How does an emergency management program function?

Is there a legal basis for the creation of an emergency management program?

FEDERAL LAWS The Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950, As Amended Executive Order FEMA Created The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA)

COMMONWEALTH LAWS The Emergency Management Services Code, As Amended (Title 35) The Pennsylvania Hazardous Material Emergency Planning and Response Act, (Act 165) Pennsylvania Radiation Protection Act, 1984, (Act 147) Public Safety Emergency Telephone Act, 1990 (Act 78)

What are the basic elements of an emergency management program?

Program Elements The Emergency Management Coordinator The Emergency Management Staff The Emergency Operations Center The Emergency Operations Plan

The Emergency Management Coordinator

“Each local organization of emergency management shall have a coordinator who shall be responsible for the planning, administration and operation of the local organization subject to the direction and control of the executive officer or governing body” PA Emergency Management Services Code, Title 35

Emergency Management Coordinator Selected by Elected Officials Appointed by the Governor Must have: Leadership abilities Planning and training abilities Administrative abilities Certification Process Basic Advanced Professional

The Emergency Management Coordinator: Coordinates resources from all sectors Manages mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery activities Plans for emergencies using an all-hazards approach Operates effectively in emergency situations Coordinates all emergency response, emergency response support, and emergency volunteer components of the emergency management system for the community

Typical Duties of a Local Emergency Coordinator Advising and informing the Chief Elected Official about emergency management activities. Identifying and analyzing the potential effects of hazards that threaten the jurisdiction. Taking inventory of resources from private sector sources that would be available in an emergency. Identifying resource deficiencies and working with appropriate officials on measures to resolve them.

Typical Duties (continued) Developing and carrying out public awareness and education programs. Establishing a system to alert officials and the public in an emergency Establishing and maintaining networks of expert advisors and damage assessors for all hazards.

The Emergency Management Agency

political “Each political subdivision of this Commonwealth is directed and authorized to establish a local emergency management organization” PA Emergency Management Services Code, Title 35

Municipal Emergency Management Agency Building Codes Disaster Insurance Risk Mapping Statutes/Ordinances Land Use Mgt Public Education Safety Codes Tax Incentives/ Disincentives Emergency Ops Plans Warning Systems (EAS) E O C Continuity of Govt Exercises Hazards Analysis Resource Identification Mutual Aid Agreements Training Multi-agency Coordination Evac/Sheltering Activation of: - EOP - EOC - Communications Search & Rescue Damage Assessment Debris Clearance Crisis Counseling Public Information Decontamination Resource Coordination

County Emergency Management Agency Disaster Insurance Risk Mapping Statutes/Ordinances Land use Management Public Education Safety Codes Emergency Ops Plans Warning Systems (EAS) E O C Continuity of Govt Exercises Hazards Analysis Resource Identification Mutual Aid Agreements Training EAS Multi-agency Coordination Evac/Sheltering Activation of: - EOP - EOC - Communications Damage Assessment Debris Clearance Crisis Counseling Public Information Decontamination Resource Coordination

Facility Mgt Grants Personnel Fiscal Divisions: BUREAU OF ADMINISTRATION Technological Hazards Planning Natural Hazards Planning Divisions: BUREAU OF PLANS Training Operations Divisions: BUREAU OF OPERATIONS AND TRAINING Hazard Mitigation Individual Assistance Public Assistance Divisions: BUREAU OF RECOVERY AND MITIGATION Radiological Defense Electronic Data Processing Fixed Communications BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SERVICES Eastern Area Hamburg Central Area Selinsgrove Western Area Indiana REGIONAL OFFICES Field Operations Program Delivery EXECUTIVE OFFICE PENNSYLVANIA EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY PENNSYLVANIA EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT COUNCIL

PENNSYLVANIA EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY

MERCER PITTSBURGH

The State Governor has the authority to: Issue State or area emergency declarations. Initiate State response actions (personnel, materials). Activate emergency contingency funds and/or reallocating regular budgets for emergency activities. Oversee emergency management for all four phases. Apply for and monitoring Federal assistance.

The State Emergency Management Agency: Carries out statewide emergency management activities. Helps coordinate emergency management activities involving more than one community. Assists individual communities when they need help. Provides financial assistance on a supplemental basis through a process of application and review.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA): Takes a lead role in national preparedness for major crises. Plays coordinating and supportive/assistance roles for integrated emergency management in partnership with State and local emergency management entities. Provides funding, technical assistance, services, supplies, equipment, and direct Federal support, as necessary. Provides technical and financial assistance to State and local governments to upgrade their communications and warning systems Operates an emergency information and coordination center that provides a central location for the collection and management of disaster and emergency information.

The Emergency Operations Center (EOC)

“Establish, equip and staff an emergency operations center, consolidated with warning and communications systems to support government operations in emergencies and provide other essential facilities and equipment for agencies and activities assigned emergency functions” PA Emergency Management Services Code, Title 35

Emergency Operations Center A central place where government at any level, or organizational leadership, can [provide interagency coordination and executive decision making for managing response and recovery

Department of Public Safety and 911 Center

Westmoreland County Emergency Operations Center

Emergency Operations Plan

“Prepare, maintain and keep current a disaster emergency management plan for the prevention and minimization of injury and damage caused by disaster, prompt and effective response to disaster and disaster emergency relief and recovery in consonance with the Pa Emergency Management Plan” PA Emergency Management Services Code, Title 35

Organization EOP Local EOP County EOP State EOP Federal NRP In our system of emergency management, local government must act first to attend to the public’s emergency needs.

Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) WHAT should be used WHO should provide it WHEN it should be provided HOW it will be implemented WHEN EMERGENCY STRIKES

Presenter's Name July 13, Emergency Management Checklists Emergency Support Function Annexes Resource Book Base Plan Organization of the EOP Incident Annexes Groups capabilities & resources into functions that are most likely needed during an incident (e.g., Transportation, Firefighting, Mass Care, etc.) Describes, by position and function, the responsibilities of every member of the emergency management staff working in the emergency operations center Outlines procedures, roles and responsibilities for specific contingencies (e.g., Terrorism, Catastrophic, Radiological) Concept of Operations, Coordinating Structures, Roles and Responsibilities, Definitions, etc. A detailed listing of resources available in the county with point of contact information and support agreements

Concept #3: Integrated Emergency Management

INTEGRATED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT A conceptual framework to increase emergency management capability by networking personnel from different agencies, jurisdictions, and governments in order to facilitate quick decision-making.

IEM PARTNERS Local government Local emergency support services State government Federal government Non-government service providers Private sector partners Private citizens

IEM PARTNERS Local government Local emergency support services State government Federal government Non-government service providers Private sector partners Private citizens

LOCAL LEVEL IEM PERSONNEL RESOURCES Elected and appointed officials and executives Emergency program managers Emergency operations staffs Police, fire and EMS organizations Other local service providers, such as the local council on aging and public works Voluntary organizations such as the American Red Cross, Salvation Army, Volunteers Organizations Assisting in Disasters

Summary Emergency Management Priorities Emergency Management Priorities Save lives Save lives Prevent injuries Prevent injuries Protect property and the environment Protect property and the environment The Emergency Management Cycle The Emergency Management Cycle Mitigation/prevention Mitigation/prevention Preparedness Preparedness Response Response Recovery Recovery

Summary (continued) Emergency Management Program The Emergency Management Coordinator The Emergency Management Staff The Emergency Operations Center The Emergency Operations Plan Integrated Emergency Management Personnel Networking Quick Decision making Increased Emergency Management Capability

Emergency Management Concepts Westmoreland County Department of Public Safety Rich Matason, Director