Unit 1.2. Opportunities and Pathways Development of Competitive Sport

LEARNING OBJECTIVES KNOW A VARIETY OF EXAMPLES OF POPULAR RECREATION UNDERSTAND THE KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF POPULAR RECREATION BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN WHY THERE WAS OPPOSITION TO POPULAR RECREATION

History of Sport A chronology Ancient Origins Popular Recreation (15 – 17th century) Public School Athleticism (18 / 19th century) Rational Sport (19th century) Development Of P.E. (20th century) Amateur to Professional (20th century) Commercialisation (1980’s to present day) Americanisation (latter part of the 20th century)

Festivals of Sport Ancient to combat sports; The Development of Competitive Sport Festivals of Sport Festivals of Sport Ancient to combat sports; Skills that were essential for survival such as those used to hunt and also protect were often the form of early competition. Hence the term “Combat sports”. This was a means of both developing skills establishing those with superior skills Festivals or other such tests of military skill were used to encourage the development of skill and help to maintain this natural social divide.

Festivals of Sport The type of activities would therefore be; The Development of Competitive Sport Festivals of Sport Festivals of Sport The type of activities would therefore be; Infrequent, Localised, as a result of a lack of transport. Requiring minimal equipment Be basic in their rules and understanding Socially divided, Often be centred around the local inn or public house, consequently the effects of alcohol would often encourage aggression and violence Likely to cause damage to land and property

The Development of Competitive Sport Festivals of Sport Popular Recreation Sport exists within society. Therefore sport will reflect that society. Cultural determinants of society: Feudal, two tiered society – Courtly / Popular / aristocratic and peasant / worker. Rural, agricultural society Lack of Law and order Tough Life - Low life expectancy

The Development of Competitive Sport Popular Recreations Popular Recreation Activities during this period could be categorised under the following; Field Sports Blood Sports Pedestrianism Mob Games Refined Games Festivals Individual Contests

FIELD SPORTS

BLOOD SPORTS

PEDESTRIANISM

MOB GAMES / REFINED GAMES

INDIVIDUAL COMPETITIONS

KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF POPULAR RECREATION

Opposition to Popular Recreation The Development of Competitive Sport Popular Recreations Opposition to Popular Recreation Opposition existed to the participation by the lower class / peasants of popular recreation activities Opposition from Basis of opposition The Church People should be at church, with their families not “wasting time playing” Opposed to activities on religious days Didn’t like the association of violence, drunkenness, gambling etc The Crown National defence was seen to be threatened by the playing of sports rather than practicing essential military skills Landowners Damage to property People should be either working (for me the landowner) or practicing combat skills

HOMEWORK COPY THE SPORTS HISTORY TIMELINE FROM PAGE 98-99 ADD SOME PICTURES TO MAKE IT MORE MEMORABLE (EG. PICTURES OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ACTIVITY FROM THAT TIME) ANSWER QUESTIONS 1, 2 & 3 FROM “REVISE AS YOU GO” ON PAGE 115