Support and Locomotion The skeletal and muscular systems
Locomotion The ability to move from place to place Motile Remember, organisms that can not move are stationary or sessile.
Why Move? Easier to obtain food Easier to find a suitable place to live Escape from predators Reproduction and finding a mate
Locomotion generally requires… A muscular system and a skeletal system
2 types of skeletal systems Endoskeleton- –Bone and cartilage inside body walls –Examples) vertebrates like us Exoskeleton- –Hard outer material made of calcium or chitin –Examples) clams, oysters, insects, crabs, spiders
Endoskeleton Exoskeleton
Locomotion in Protist-a review Ameba Paramecium Euglena Pseudopods Cilia Flagella
Paramecium Ameba Euglena
Human Skeletal System Made of : –Bone –Cartilage –Ligaments –Tendons
Bone-”osteo-” Connective tissue that is hard and inflexible Site of attachment for muscles Gives body shape and support Protection Storage for minerals (calcium, phosphorus) Produces blood cells
Diagram of Human Skeletal System
Cartilage Connective tissue able to bend Embryos have skeletons of cartilage –Turns to bone by ossification after birth Function: Cushions against impact or pressure
Joints Points where bones meet
Ligaments Connective tissue holding bones of a joint together
Tendons Connective tissue attaching muscle to bone
The muscular system Three types of muscle –Skeletal –Smooth –Cardiac
Skeletal Muscle Used for voluntary movements Has a striated or striped appearance
Smooth Muscle Used for automatic, involuntary movements Ex) walls of alimentary canal, diaphragm
Cardiac Muscle Heart muscle Involuntary Striped appearance