First English Settlements AGRARIAN LIFE

Why move to the colonies? Push  Land scarcity  Religious or Political Persecution  Revolution  Poverty  Weather Pull Freedom (religious and political) New life Jobs Land Resources

England plans colonies  merchants supported plan for colonies  charter- written contract giving certain rights to persons or groups

Jamestown  founded in 1607  1 st successful English colony  charter from the Virginia Company  hoped to make money/profits

Difficult at first because…  swampy land  poor water  Natives  greed for gold  low on food (2/3 starved)  no trade  cold winter

Jamestown succeeds  adapted to land  tobacco brought in money  1619: brought slaves to help work  House of Burgesses (Representatives) established

House of Burgesses  first representative assembly in America  elected reps met once a year to make laws

Plymouth*Separatists  1620  wanted to escape religious persecution in England and worship as they pleased (Pilgrims)

Mayflower  ship that brought them to America

Mayflower Compact  document signed aboard the Mayflower to ensure order in the colonies

Difficult at first because…  starving  disease  Natives  no trade, originally  women were chattel

Plymouth succeeds  Native Americans help them to raise crops  First Thanksgiving  land ownership  fishing/whaling, and hunting and hunting

Famous People of the English American Colonies  Captain John Smith – established 1 st permanent colony in Jamestown, VA; saved the colony with work and order  befriended Pocahontas & Powhatan Chief  She marries John Rolfe (brought tobacco)

Famous People of the English American Colonies  William Penn – Quaker; founded Pennsylvania; pacifism (peace)  Roger Williams – created Rhode Island colony; practiced religious tolerance & dealing fair with Natives; Religious Leader  Anne Hutchinson – pioneer settler of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, & New Netherlands; because she believed you could directly talk to God, they banned her from the colony; Religious Leader; challenge authority – DISSENTER)  John Winthrop – led Puritans to the New World, joined Massachusetts Bay Colony; Religious Leader; “City on a Hill”

People in the New World  Property Owners – well off; men given property by the governor (person in charge of the colony)  African Americans – slaves; 1 st brought here by the Dutch  women – inferior; were not men’s equal  Native Americans – “savages”; not real people  Indentured Servants – in exchange for being brought to the new world, a person would work their fee off (approximately 5 years); not permanent slaves

Differences between NE, M, S New England  Town hall meetings, Puritans, craftsmen (ship builders), triangle trade, small farms, ocean products Middle  Craftsmen, trade, wheat, corn, cattle, Quakers South Slaves, Plantations (cash crops), Catholics, Tobacco

SUMMARY  QUIZ TIME

1. What was the 1 st successful colony in the English New World?

2. What was the 1 st representative legislative assembly in America called?

3. Why was the Virginia Charter established to come to Jamestown?

4. What colonist was banned because she believed she could talk to God directly?

5. Which group of people signed a contract to work in exchange for a ticket to the new world?